GCP Firebase Functions中Puppeteer找不到Chromium的问题求助

错误信息 #

未处理错误 Error: Could not find Chromium (rev. 1069273). 可能的原因如下：

1. 运行脚本前未执行安装操作（例如：npm install）；
2. 缓存路径配置错误（当前路径为：/root/.cache/puppeteer）。
   错误堆栈：
   at ChromeLauncher.resolveExecutablePath (/workspace/node_modules/puppeteer-core/lib/cjs/puppeteer/node/ProductLauncher.js:120:27)
   at ChromeLauncher.executablePath (/workspace/node_modules/puppeteer-core/lib/cjs/puppeteer/node/ChromeLauncher.js:166:25)
   at ChromeLauncher.launch (/workspace/node_modules/puppeteer-core/lib/cjs/puppeteer/node/ChromeLauncher.js:70:37)
   at async /workspace/lib/index.js:122:21
   at async /workspace/node_modules/firebase-functions/lib/common/providers/https.js:407:26

当前配置与代码 #

云函数代码 #

export const test = functions
  .runWith({
    timeoutSeconds: 120,
    memory: "512MB" || "2GB",
  })
  .https.onCall(async (data, context) => {
    const browser = await puppeteer.launch({ args: ["--no-sandbox"] });
    const page = await browser.newPage();
    await page.goto("https://www.google.com/");

    browser.close();
    return { msg: "all good", status: 200 };
  });

package.json 配置 #

{
  "engines": {
    "node": "16"
  },
  "main": "lib/index.js",
  "dependencies": {
    "firebase-admin": "^10.2.0",
    "firebase-functions": "^3.21.0",
    "puppeteer": "^19.4.0"
  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@types/puppeteer": "^7.0.4",
    "typescript": "^4.6.4"
  },
  "private": true
}

tsconfig.json 配置 #

{
  "compilerOptions": {
    "module": "NodeNext",
    "moduleResolution": "NodeNext",
    "noImplicitReturns": true,
    "noUnusedLocals": true,
    "outDir": "lib",
    "sourceMap": true,
    "strict": true,
    "target": "ES2020",
    "esModuleInterop": true,
    "rootDir": "src"
  },
  "compileOnSave": true,
  "include": [
    "src",
    "node_modules/@types/puppeteer/index.d.ts"
  ]
}

尝试过的Puppeteer配置文件（.puppeteerrc.cjs） #

const {join} = require('path');

/**
 * @type {import("puppeteer").Configuration}
 */
module.exports = {
  // Changes the cache location for Puppeteer.
  cacheDirectory: join(__dirname, '.cache', 'puppeteer'),
};

已知情况 #

• 本地运行代码正常，非Puppeteer相关云函数运行正常
• 已尝试添加--disable-setuid-sandbox参数、移动配置文件位置、重新安装依赖，均未解决问题

可行解决方案 #

1. 改用 puppeteer-core 并指定系统Chromium路径 #

GCP云函数环境预装了Chromium，无需手动下载：

• 将package.json中的puppeteer替换为puppeteer-core，版本保持一致
• 修改云函数代码，指定系统Chromium路径：

const browser = await puppeteer.launch({
  args: ["--no-sandbox", "--disable-setuid-sandbox"],
  executablePath: "/usr/bin/chromium-browser"
});

2. 调整缓存路径至可访问目录 #

云函数对/root/.cache无写入权限，将缓存目录设置为项目工作目录：

• 将.puppeteerrc.cjs放在项目根目录（与package.json同级），配置改为：

const {join} = require('path');

module.exports = {
  cacheDirectory: join(__dirname, '.cache', 'puppeteer'),
};

• 在package.json中添加预安装脚本，确保Chromium下载到指定目录：

"scripts": {
  "preinstall": "PUPPETEER_CACHE_DIR=.cache/puppeteer npm install puppeteer"
}

3. 修正内存配置 #

代码中memory: "512MB" || "2GB"实际仅生效512MB，不足以运行Chromium，建议设置至少1GB：

.runWith({
  timeoutSeconds: 120,
  memory: "1GB"
})

4. 确保部署时Chromium被打包 #

若坚持使用puppeteer，需确保部署时包含Chromium二进制文件：

• 修改firebase.json，避免排除Chromium目录：

{
  "functions": {
    "source": ".",
    "ignore": [
      "node_modules/**/.bin",
      "node_modules/**/*.map",
      "!node_modules/puppeteer/.local-chromium/**"
    ]
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者shaked