Django足球训练项目保存时无重定向URL报错求助

训练数据已成功存入数据库，但保存后页面无法重定向，抛出如下错误：

ImproperlyConfigured at /entrenamientos/entrenamiento/new/
No URL to redirect to. Either provide a url or define a get_absolute_url method on the Model

尝试添加success_url但出现其他错误，相关代码如下：

相关代码 #

models.py #

from django.db import models
from django.utils import timezone
from users.models import User


class Entrenamiento(models.Model):
    autor = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
    idEntrenamiento = models.AutoField(primary_key=True)
    idEquipo = models.IntegerField()
    fecha = models.DateTimeField(default=timezone.now)
    idDireccionCampo = models.IntegerField()
    temporadas = [
        ('2022/2023','2022/2023'),
        ('2023/2024','2023/2024'),
        ('2024/2025','2024/2025'),
        ('2025/2026','2025/2026')
    ]
    temporada = models.CharField(max_length=50, choices=temporadas, default='2022/2023')

    def __str__(self):
        return 'Entrenamiento {}'.format(self.idEntrenamiento)

    @property
    def entreno(self):
       return 'Entrenamiento {} de {} para {} con fecha del {}, será en el campo {}'.format(self.idEntrenamiento, self.temporada, self.idEquipo, self.fecha, self.idDireccionCampo)

views.py #

from django.conf import settings
from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin, UserPassesTestMixin
from django.contrib.messages.views import SuccessMessageMixin
from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.contrib import messages
from django.http import HttpRequest, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import get_object_or_404, render
from django.views.generic import (CreateView, DeleteView, DetailView, ListView,UpdateView)
from django import forms
from django.urls import reverse_lazy

from .models import Entrenamiento


def home(request):
    context = {
        'entrenamientos': Entrenamiento.objects.all()
    }
    return render(request, 'entrenamientos/entrenamientos.html', context)

class PostListView(ListView):
    model = Entrenamiento
    template_name = 'entrenamientos/entrenamientos.html'#<app>/<model>_<viewtype>.html
    context_object_name = 'entrenamientos'
    ordering = ['-fecha']

class PostDetailView(DetailView):
    model = Entrenamiento

class PostCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
    model = Entrenamiento
    fields = ['autor','idEntrenamiento','idEquipo','idDireccionCampo','fecha']
    widgets = {'fecha': forms.DateInput(attrs={'type': 'date'})}


    def form_valid(self,form):
        form.instance.autor = self.request.user
        return super().form_valid(form)

class PostUpdateView(LoginRequiredMixin, UserPassesTestMixin, UpdateView):
    model = Entrenamiento
    fields = ['autor','idEntrenamiento','idEquipo']

    def form_valid(self,form):
        form.instance.autor = self.request.user
        return super().form_valid(form)

    def test_func(self):
        entrenamiento = self.get_object()
        if self.request.user == entrenamiento.autor:
            return True
        return False

class PostDeleteView(DeleteView):
    model = Entrenamiento
    success_url = '/'

    def test_func(self):
        entrenamiento = self.get_object()
        if self.request.user == entrenamiento.autor:
            return True
        return False

urls.py #

from django.urls import path
from .views import PostListView, PostDetailView, PostCreateView, PostUpdateView, PostDeleteView
from django.contrib.auth.decorators import login_required

app_name = 'entrenamientos'

urlpatterns = [
    path('', login_required(PostListView.as_view()), name='entrenamientos'),
    path('entrenamiento/<int:pk>/',login_required( PostDetailView.as_view()), name='entrenamiento-detail'),
    path('entrenamiento/new/',login_required( PostCreateView.as_view()), name='entrenamiento-create'),
    path('entrenamiento/<int:pk>/update/',login_required( PostUpdateView.as_view()), name='entrenamiento-update'),
    path('entrenamiento/<int:pk>/delete/',login_required( PostDeleteView.as_view()), name='entrenamiento-delete'),
    path('entrenamiento', login_required(PostListView.as_view()), name='entrenamientos')
]

之前尝试的错误代码：

# success_url = reverse_lazy('entrenamiento')
# success_message = 'Entrenamiento añadido'

解决方案 #

方案一：给模型添加get_absolute_url方法 #

在Entrenamiento模型中添加该方法，指定对象的详情页URL，这样CreateView/UpdateView默认会重定向到该对象的详情页：

from django.urls import reverse

class Entrenamiento(models.Model):
    # 现有字段和方法保持不变
    def get_absolute_url(self):
        # 利用app_name和URL名称反向解析
        return reverse('entrenamientos:entrenamiento-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.pk})

方案二：在CreateView中正确配置success_url #

你之前的错误是URL名称使用错误，应该使用项目中已定义的URL名称（比如列表页的entrenamientos）。同时建议移除fields中不需要用户输入的字段：

class PostCreateView(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
    model = Entrenamiento
    # 移除autor（已自动设置）和idEntrenamiento（AutoField自动生成）
    fields = ['idEquipo','idDireccionCampo','fecha']
    widgets = {'fecha': forms.DateInput(attrs={'type': 'date'})}

    def form_valid(self,form):
        form.instance.autor = self.request.user
        return super().form_valid(form)
    
    # 重定向到训练列表页
    success_url = reverse_lazy('entrenamientos:entrenamientos')

    # 可选：如果要重定向到新建训练的详情页，用以下代码代替success_url
    # def get_success_url(self):
    #     return reverse('entrenamientos:entrenamiento-detail', kwargs={'pk': self.object.pk})

另外，PostUpdateView也存在同样的问题，建议同样添加success_url或者给模型加get_absolute_url，避免更新后也出现重定向错误。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Chema Torices