Spring Boot微服务Docker部署时ConfigServer连接拒绝问题求助

问题描述 #

修改Spring Boot微服务示例后，完成各服务镜像构建并通过docker-compose.yml部署时，ApiGateway等服务出现连接ConfigServer的ConnectException，提示连接被拒绝。

镜像构建步骤 #

1 ) service-registry
   - mvn clean install
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/serviceregistry:0.0.1 .

2 ) configserver
   - mvn clean install
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/configserver:0.0.1 .

3 ) apigateway
   - mvn clean install -D skipTests
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/apigateway:0.0.1 .

4 ) auth-service
   - mvn clean install -D skipTests
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/authservice:0.0.1 .

5 ) orderservice
   - mvn clean install -D skipTests
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/orderservice:0.0.1 .

6 ) productservice
   - mvn clean install -D skipTests
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/productservice:0.0.1 .

7 ) paymentservice
   - mvn clean install -D skipTests
   - docker build -t microservicedailybuffer/paymentservice:0.0.1 .

docker-compose.yml配置 #

services:

  serviceregistry:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/serviceregistry:0.0.1'
    container_name: serviceregistry
    ports:
      - '8761:8761'
    networks:
      - backend

  configserver:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/configserver:0.0.1'
    container_name: configserver
    ports:
      - '9296:9296'
    environment:
      - EUREKA_SERVER_ADDRESS=http://serviceregistry:8761/eureka
    healthcheck:
      test: [ "CMD", "curl", "-f", "http://configserver:9296/actuator/health" ]
      interval: 10s
      timeout: 5s
      retries: 5
    depends_on:
      - serviceregistry
    networks:
      - backend

  apigateway:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/apigateway:0.0.1'
    container_name: apigateway
    ports:
      - '9090:9090'
    environment:
      - EUREKA_SERVER_ADDRESS=http://serviceregistry:8761/eureka
      - CONFIG_SERVER_URL=configserver
      - ZIPKIN_URL=http://zipkin:9411
      - REDIS_URL=redis://redis:6379
    depends_on:
      - configserver
      - zipkin
      - redis
      - serviceregistry
    networks:
      - backend


  zipkin:
    image: openzipkin/zipkin
    ports:
      - "9411:9411"
    networks:
      - backend

  redis:
    image: redis
    ports:
      - "6379:6379"
    networks:
      - backend


  authservice:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/authservice:0.0.1'
    container_name: authservice
    ports:
      - '7777:7777'
    environment:
      - EUREKA_SERVER_ADDRESS=http://serviceregistry:8761/eureka
      - CONFIG_SERVER_URL=configserver
      - spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://database:3306/userdb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=Turkey
      - spring.datasource.username=root
      - spring.datasource.password=ippavlova_1990
    depends_on:
      database:
        condition: service_healthy
      configserver:
        condition: service_started
    networks:
      - backend


  productservice:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/productservice:0.0.1'
    container_name: productservice
    ports:
      - '8081:8081'
    environment:
      - EUREKA_SERVER_ADDRESS=http://serviceregistry:8761/eureka
      - CONFIG_SERVER_URL=configserver
      - spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://database:3306/productdb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=Turkey
      - spring.datasource.username=root
      - spring.datasource.password=ippavlova_1990
      - ZIPKIN_URL=http://zipkin:9411
    depends_on:
      database:
        condition: service_healthy
      configserver:
        condition: service_started
      zipkin:
        condition: service_healthy
    networks:
      - backend

  orderservice:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/orderservice:0.0.1'
    container_name: orderservice
    ports:
      - '8082:8082'
    environment:
      - EUREKA_SERVER_ADDRESS=http://serviceregistry:8761/eureka
      - CONFIG_SERVER_URL=configserver
      - spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://database:3306/orderdb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=Turkey
      - spring.datasource.username=root
      - spring.datasource.password=ippavlova_1990
      - ZIPKIN_URL=http://zipkin:9411
    depends_on:
      database:
        condition: service_healthy
      configserver:
        condition: service_started
      zipkin:
        condition: service_healthy
    networks:
      - backend


  paymentservice:
    image: 'microservicedailybuffer/paymentservice:0.0.1'
    container_name: paymentservice
    ports:
      - '8083:8083'
    environment:
      - EUREKA_SERVER_ADDRESS=http://serviceregistry:8761/eureka
      - CONFIG_SERVER_URL=configserver
      - spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://database:3306/paymentdb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true&useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=Turkey
      - spring.datasource.username=root
      - spring.datasource.password=ippavlova_1990
      - ZIPKIN_URL=http://zipkin:9411
    depends_on:
      database:
        condition: service_healthy
      configserver:
        condition: service_started
      zipkin:
        condition: service_healthy
    networks:
      - backend


  database:
    container_name: mysql-database
    image: 'mysql:latest'
    ports:
      - "3306:3306"
    restart: always
    environment:
      #MYSQL_USER: root
      MYSQL_PASSWORD: ippavlova_1990
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: ippavlova_1990
    volumes:
      - db-data:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
      - backend
    healthcheck:
      test: ["CMD", "mysqladmin" ,"ping", "-h", "localhost"]
      timeout: 20s
      retries: 10


networks:
  backend:
    driver: bridge

volumes:
  db-data:

ApiGateway错误日志 #

Caused by: org.springframework.web.client.ResourceAccessException: I/O error on GET request for "http://configserver:9296/API-GATEWAY/default": Connection refused (Connection refused); nested exception is java.net.ConnectException: Connection refused (Connection refused)

解决方案 #

1. 修复ConfigServer地址配置 #

ApiGateway的环境变量CONFIG_SERVER_URL仅填写了服务名，缺少端口号，Spring Cloud Config客户端需要完整的服务URL。修改apigateway服务的环境变量：

environment:
  - CONFIG_SERVER_URL=http://configserver:9296

其他依赖ConfigServer的服务（authservice、productservice等）也需要同步修改该环境变量。

2. 配置服务就绪依赖 #

depends_on默认仅保证容器启动顺序，不保证服务完全就绪。修改apigateway的depends_on，依赖ConfigServer的健康检查状态：

depends_on:
  configserver:
    condition: service_healthy
  zipkin:
    condition: service_started
  redis:
    condition: service_started
  serviceregistry:
    condition: service_started

3. 确保ConfigServer的健康检查有效 #

ConfigServer镜像可能缺少curl命令，导致健康检查失败。可以：

• 在ConfigServer的Dockerfile中添加curl安装命令（基于Ubuntu/Debian镜像）：

  RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl && rm -rf /var/lib/apt/lists/*
  

• 或修改健康检查命令为使用Spring Boot Actuator的内置端点（无需额外工具）：

  healthcheck:
    test: ["CMD-SHELL", "wget --no-verbose --tries=1 --spider http://localhost:9296/actuator/health || exit 1"]
    interval: 10s
    timeout: 5s
    retries: 5
  

4. 验证ConfigServer启动状态 #

查看ConfigServer的容器日志，确认服务已成功启动并注册到Eureka：

docker logs configserver

确保日志中出现类似ConfigServerEnvironmentRepository健康状态正常或已注册到Eureka服务器的信息。

5. 检查容器网络连通性 #

进入ApiGateway容器，测试与ConfigServer的连通性：

docker exec -it apigateway ping configserver
docker exec -it apigateway curl http://configserver:9296/actuator/health

如果ping不通，检查所有服务是否都加入了backend网络；如果curl返回失败，确认ConfigServer服务是否正常监听9296端口。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Sercan Noyan Germiyanoğlu