如何将ggplot堆叠条形图修改为对应三选项的普通条形图

我现有代码可生成符合预期的堆叠条形图，但需要制作一个包含“yes”“no”“maybe”三个独立条形的普通条形图，不清楚如何修改现有代码，特此请教可行方案。

当前代码 #

mydata %>%
  mutate(
    variable = recode(
      variable,
      'item3' = 'item name here')) %>%
  drop_na() %>%
  ggplot(mapping = aes(x = variable)) +
  geom_bar(aes(fill = value),
           position = 'fill',
           width = 0.30)+
  scale_y_continuous(name = 'Percentage',
                     breaks = seq(from = 0, to = 1, by = 0.2),
                     minor_breaks = seq(from = 0, to = 1, by = 0.1),
                     labels = seq(from = 0, to = 100, by = 20),
                     expand = c(0,0)) +
  xlab( element_blank() ) +
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c(colour="red"), #if this was stacked bar chart, here would be a color palette
    labels = c(
      'yes',
      'no',
      'maybe'
    ),
    drop = FALSE
  ) +
  guides(
    fill = guide_legend(title = 'Answer')
  ) + theme(panel.background = element_blank(),
            axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
            panel.grid.major = element_line(colour = 'grey'),
            axis.ticks.x = element_line(colour = 'grey'),
            panel.grid.minor = element_line(colour = 'lightgrey'),
            axis.text.y = element_text(
              size = 11,
              face = 'bold',
              hjust = 0
            )) +
  coord_flip()

所用数据 #

structure(list(variable = c("item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", "item3", 
"item3", "item3", "item3"), value = structure(c(1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 3L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 
2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 
1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 1L, 2L, 1L), .Label = c("1", 
"2", "3"), class = c("ordered", "factor"))), class = c("tbl_df", 
"tbl", "data.frame"), row.names = c(NA, -147L))

修改后的代码（普通条形图） #

mydata %>%
  drop_na() %>%
  # 把value的因子标签替换成yes/no/maybe，直接映射到x轴
  mutate(value = recode(value, 
                        '1' = 'yes',
                        '2' = 'no',
                        '3' = 'maybe')) %>%
  ggplot(aes(x = value, fill = value)) +
  # 普通条形图，移除堆叠参数position='fill'
  geom_bar(width = 0.30) +
  # 若需显示百分比而非计数，替换为以下两行代码
  # geom_bar(aes(y = after_stat(prop), group = 1), width = 0.30) +
  # scale_y_continuous(name = 'Percentage',
  #                    breaks = seq(0, 1, 0.2),
  #                    labels = paste0(seq(0, 100, 20), '%'),
  #                    expand = c(0,0)) +
  scale_y_continuous(name = 'Count', expand = c(0,0)) +
  xlab('Answer') +
  # 为三个选项配置不同填充色
  scale_fill_manual(
    values = c('yes' = '#E63946', 'no' = '#457B9D', 'maybe' = '#F1FAEE'),
    drop = FALSE
  ) +
  guides(fill = guide_legend(title = 'Answer')) +
  theme(panel.background = element_blank(),
        axis.ticks.y = element_blank(),
        panel.grid.major = element_line(colour = 'grey'),
        axis.ticks.x = element_line(colour = 'grey'),
        panel.grid.minor = element_line(colour = 'lightgrey'),
        axis.text.y = element_text(size = 11, face = 'bold', hjust = 0))
  # 不需要翻转坐标轴可删除此行
  # coord_flip()

关键修改说明 #

• 调整x轴映射：将原代码中x = variable改为x = value，并提前把value的因子标签替换为“yes”“no”“maybe”，让每个答案选项对应一个独立条形。
• 移除堆叠参数：删除geom_bar中的position = 'fill'，该参数用于生成堆叠百分比图，普通条形图无需保留。
• 灵活设置y轴：默认显示计数；若需展示百分比，使用geom_bar(aes(y = after_stat(prop), group = 1))计算各选项占比，并对应调整y轴标签格式。
• 完善颜色配置：为三个选项分别设置不同填充色，替换原代码中单一的颜色值。
• 简化变量处理：因无需展示variable信息，去掉了原代码中对variable的重编码步骤，若需保留可自行添加。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Espejito