Docker中Selenium Remote连接Chrome驱动时会话创建失败

数据老陈

2026-8-8

在Docker中运行Selenium时连接被拒绝的问题

我的目标是在Docker中运行Selenium。虽然selenium-standalone-chrome运行正常，也能在本地浏览器访问http://127.0.0.1:4444，但驱动连接时仍被拒绝。

报错信息

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/bin/flask", line 8, in <module>
    sys.exit(main())
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 1047, in main
    cli.main()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1055, in main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1657, in invoke
    return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1404, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/click/core.py", line 760, in invoke
    return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/click/decorators.py", line 84, in new_func
    return ctx.invoke(f, obj, *args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/click/core.py", line 760, in invoke
    return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 911, in run_command
    raise e from None
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 897, in run_command
    app = info.load_app()
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 308, in load_app
    app = locate_app(import_name, name)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/flask/cli.py", line 218, in locate_app
    __import__(module_name)
  File "/Volumes/T7Touch/Learn/p2---final-project-ftds-016-rmt-group-001/scraping-2/deployment/app.py", line 2, in <module>
    from util.scrapeutil import get_db
  File "/Volumes/T7Touch/Learn/p2---final-project-ftds-016-rmt-group-001/scraping-2/deployment/util/scrapeutil.py", line 22, in <module>
    driver = webdriver.Remote(
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 272, in __init__
    self.start_session(capabilities, browser_profile)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 364, in start_session
    response = self.execute(Command.NEW_SESSION, parameters)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/webdriver.py", line 429, in execute
    self.error_handler.check_response(response)
  File "/Library/Frameworks/Python.framework/Versions/3.10/lib/python3.10/site-packages/selenium/webdriver/remote/errorhandler.py", line 243, in check_response
    raise exception_class(message, screen, stacktrace)
selenium.common.exceptions.SessionNotCreatedException: Message: Could not start a new session. Error while creating session with the driver service. Stopping driver service: Could not start a new session. Response code 500. Message: unknown error: Chrome failed to start: crashed.
  (unknown error: DevToolsActivePort file doesn't exist)
  (The process started from chrome location /usr/bin/google-chrome is no longer running, so ChromeDriver is assuming that Chrome has crashed.) 
Host info: host: '07a1292de76f', ip: '172.17.0.2'
Build info: version: '4.7.1', revision: 'c6795baf1a3'
System info: os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.10.124-linuxkit', java.version: '11.0.17'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown
Build info: version: '4.7.1', revision: 'c6795baf1a3'
System info: os.name: 'Linux', os.arch: 'amd64', os.version: '5.10.124-linuxkit', java.version: '11.0.17'
Driver info: driver.version: unknown
Stacktrace:
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.node.config.DriverServiceSessionFactory.apply (DriverServiceSessionFactory.java:202)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.node.config.DriverServiceSessionFactory.apply (DriverServiceSessionFactory.java:69)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.node.local.SessionSlot.apply (SessionSlot.java:147)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.node.local.LocalNode.newSession (LocalNode.java:379)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.distributor.local.LocalDistributor.startSession (LocalDistributor.java:645)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.distributor.local.LocalDistributor.newSession (LocalDistributor.java:564)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.distributor.local.LocalDistributor$NewSessionRunnable.handleNewSessionRequest (LocalDistributor.java:818)
    at org.openqa.selenium.grid.distributor.local.LocalDistributor$NewSessionRunnable.lambda$run$1 (LocalDistributor.java:779)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker (ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1128)
    at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run (ThreadPoolExecutor.java:628)
    at java.lang.Thread.run (Thread.java:829)

补充信息

我使用的是Mac M1芯片，之前错误使用了selenium-standalone-chrome镜像，正确的启动命令应该是：

docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size="2g" seleniarm/standalone-chromium

解决方案

1. 确保使用适配M1芯片的镜像

Mac M1是ARM架构，selenium-standalone-chrome为x86架构镜像，即使能启动也会因架构不兼容导致Chrome崩溃。必须使用ARM架构的镜像：

docker run -d -p 4444:4444 --shm-size="2g" seleniarm/standalone-chromium

启动后等待1-2分钟，待镜像完全初始化后再尝试连接。

2. 调整ChromeOptions参数

针对ARM架构的Chromium，补充关键参数解决DevToolsActivePort错误：

chrome_options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-gpu")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-extensions")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-infobars")
chrome_options.add_argument("--start-maximized")
chrome_options.add_argument("--disable-notifications")
chrome_options.add_argument('--headless=new')  # 替换旧--headless参数，适配新版Chromium
chrome_options.add_argument('--no-sandbox')
chrome_options.add_argument('--disable-dev-shm-usage')
chrome_options.add_argument('--remote-debugging-port=9222')  # 指定调试端口，解决端口文件缺失问题
chrome_options.add_argument('--user-data-dir=/tmp/chrome-user-data')  # 指定临时用户数据目录

3. 验证Selenium Grid状态

启动镜像后，访问http://127.0.0.1:4444/ui，确认节点状态为ready后再执行代码。

4. 检查端口与网络

用lsof -i :4444检查本地4444端口是否被占用，若被占用则修改Docker映射端口（如-p 4445:4444），同时更新代码中的command_executor地址。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Jason Rich Darmawan

Docker中Selenium Remote连接Chrome驱动时会话创建失败

相关代码 #

报错信息 #

补充信息 #

1. 确保使用适配M1芯片的镜像 #

2. 调整ChromeOptions参数 #

3. 验证Selenium Grid状态 #

4. 检查端口与网络 #