GitLab CI/CD按分支规则设置环境异常问题求助

问题出在GitLab CI的变量解析顺序上：environment块中的变量默认在配置初始解析阶段展开，而rules里的变量覆盖是在作业执行前才生效的，所以environment.name会优先取到最外层定义的ENVIRONMENT: staging，而非rules中针对development分支设置的值。

解决方案一：直接在rules中定义environment #

把环境名称直接写在对应分支的rule里，绕过变量中转的问题，配置更直观：

authenticate:
  stage: authenticate
  image: google/cloud-sdk:debian_component_based
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
      when: always
      environment:
        name: production
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "staging"
      when: always
      environment:
        name: staging
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "development"
      when: always
      environment:
        name: development

解决方案二：开启environment变量的延迟展开 #

如果想保留变量中转的方式，可在environment块中添加expand: true（GitLab 13.4+支持），让环境名称在作业执行阶段重新解析变量，这样就能拿到rules中覆盖后的ENVIRONMENT值：

authenticate:
  stage: authenticate
  image: google/cloud-sdk:debian_component_based
  variables:
    ENVIRONMENT: staging
  rules:
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "main"
      when: always
      variables:
        ENVIRONMENT: production
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "staging"
      when: always
      variables:
        ENVIRONMENT: staging
    - if: $CI_COMMIT_BRANCH == "development"
      when: always
      variables:
        ENVIRONMENT: development
  environment:
    name: $ENVIRONMENT
    expand: true

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者deagleshot