Android 12/13实现类WhatsApp/TrueCaller来电弹窗与全屏意图求助

1. 权限配置 #

• 必须申请POST_NOTIFICATIONS权限（Android 13+），在Manifest中声明：

  <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.POST_NOTIFICATIONS" />
  

  同时保留READ_PHONE_STATE、FOREGROUND_SERVICE权限，Android 12+需为前台服务指定类型：

  <service
      android:name=".CallForegroundService"
      android:foregroundServiceType="phoneCall" />
  

• 运行时动态请求POST_NOTIFICATIONS和READ_PHONE_STATE权限，无权限无法触发通知或监听来电。

2. 替换广播接收器的来电监听方案 #

Android 12+对隐式广播接收器限制严格，需改为动态监听：

• 使用PhoneStateListener在前台服务中监听来电状态，避免后台监听被系统回收：

  val telephonyManager = getSystemService(Context.TELEPHONY_SERVICE) as TelephonyManager
  val phoneStateListener = object : PhoneStateListener() {
      override fun onCallStateChanged(state: Int, phoneNumber: String?) {
          super.onCallStateChanged(state, phoneNumber)
          if (state == TelephonyManager.CALL_STATE_RINGING && phoneNumber != null) {
              // 触发来电通知弹窗逻辑
              showCallNotification(phoneNumber)
          }
      }
  }
  // 在前台服务的onStartCommand中注册监听
  telephonyManager.listen(phoneStateListener, PhoneStateListener.LISTEN_CALL_STATE)
  

3. 前台服务的合规启动 #

Android 12+启动前台服务需满足触发场景（如来电事件），启动后必须立即调用startForeground：

// 启动前台服务
val serviceIntent = Intent(context, CallForegroundService::class.java)
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
    context.startForegroundService(serviceIntent)
} else {
    context.startService(serviceIntent)
}

// 服务内部启动前台
override fun onStartCommand(intent: Intent?, flags: Int, startId: Int): Int {
    val foregroundNotification = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, "FOREGROUND_CHANNEL")
        .setContentTitle("来电识别中")
        .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_notification)
        .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_LOW)
        .build()
    startForeground(1, foregroundNotification, ServiceInfo.FOREGROUND_SERVICE_TYPE_PHONE_CALL)
    return START_STICKY
}

4. 高优先级通知+全屏意图实现弹窗 #

这是实现类似WhatsApp/TrueCaller来电弹窗的核心：

• 先创建高优先级通知渠道（Android 8.0+）：

  if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.O) {
      val channel = NotificationChannel(
          "CALL_CHANNEL",
          "来电通知",
          NotificationManager.IMPORTANCE_HIGH
      ).apply {
          setSound(RingtoneManager.getDefaultUri(RingtoneManager.TYPE_RINGTONE), null)
          enableVibration(true)
      }
      val notificationManager = getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java)
      notificationManager.createNotificationChannel(channel)
  }
  

• 构建带全屏意图的来电通知：

  // 全屏弹窗Activity的PendingIntent
  val fullScreenIntent = Intent(this, CallPopupActivity::class.java).apply {
      putExtra("PHONE_NUMBER", phoneNumber)
  }
  val fullScreenPendingIntent = PendingIntent.getActivity(
      this,
      0,
      fullScreenIntent,
      PendingIntent.FLAG_UPDATE_CURRENT or PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE
  )
  
  // 构建通知
  val notification = NotificationCompat.Builder(this, "CALL_CHANNEL")
      .setContentTitle("陌生来电")
      .setContentText(phoneNumber)
      .setSmallIcon(R.drawable.ic_call)
      .setPriority(NotificationCompat.PRIORITY_HIGH)
      .setCategory(NotificationCompat.CATEGORY_CALL)
      .setFullScreenIntent(fullScreenPendingIntent, true)
      // 添加接听/挂断操作按钮
      .addAction(
          R.drawable.ic_accept,
          "接听",
          PendingIntent.getService(this, 1, acceptIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE)
      )
      .addAction(
          R.drawable.ic_reject,
          "挂断",
          PendingIntent.getService(this, 2, rejectIntent, PendingIntent.FLAG_IMMUTABLE)
      )
      .build()
  
  // 显示通知
  val notificationManager = getSystemService(NotificationManager::class.java)
  notificationManager.notify(2, notification)
  

5. 来电弹窗Activity配置 #

在Manifest中配置Activity属性，确保锁屏可见、全屏显示：

<activity
    android:name=".CallPopupActivity"
    android:showOnLockScreen="true"
    android:showWhenLocked="true"
    android:turnScreenOn="true"
    android:excludeFromRecents="true"
    android:launchMode="singleInstance"
    android:theme="@style/CallPopupTheme">
</activity>

对应的主题设置：

<style name="CallPopupTheme" parent="Theme.AppCompat.Light.NoActionBar">
    <item name="android:windowFullscreen">true</item>
    <item name="android:windowIsTranslucent">true</item>
    <item name="android:windowBackground">@android:color/transparent</item>
</style>

关键注意事项 #

• Android 12+中，全屏意图对应的Activity必须有可见内容，不能完全透明，否则系统会拦截。
• 通知渠道必须设置为IMPORTANCE_HIGH，否则无法触发全屏弹窗。
• 前台服务类型必须指定为phoneCall，避免被系统限制启动。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user1847921