为linux/amd64架构构建Swift应用失败，报异常错误

问题描述 #

我有一个Swift应用，依赖配置如下：

.package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio.git", .upToNextMajor(from: "2.41.1")),
.package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-crypto.git", .upToNextMajor(from: "2.1.0"))

在M1 MacBook本地构建Docker镜像可正常运行，命令为：

docker build -t <image-name>:v1 .

但构建产物为arm64架构，部署到Azure失败。尝试构建linux/amd64架构镜像时出错，用过的命令包括：

docker build --platform=linux/amd64 -t <image-name>:v1 .
docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64 -t <image-name>:v1 .

生产构建命令为：

RUN swift build -c release --static-swift-stdlib

错误片段如下：

#0 35.45 warning: 'build': 'Build' was identified as an executable target given the presence of a 'main.swift' file. Starting with tools version 5.4.0 executable targets should be declared as 'executableTarget()'
#0 35.67 Building for production...
#0 36.08 [0/422] Compiling _AtomicsShims.c
#0 36.28 [1/422] Compiling CNIOWindows shim.c
#0 36.48 [2/422] Compiling CNIOWindows WSAStartup.c
#0 36.51 error: command Compiling CNIOLinux shim.c failed: failed to poll (Interrupted system call)
...
#0 44.33 remark: Incremental compilation has been disabled: it is not compatible with 
whole module optimization
#0 44.34 error: command Compiling Swift Module 'NIOConcurrencyHelpers' (5 sources) failed: failed to poll (Interrupted system call)
#0 47.29 error: command Compiling CCryptoBoringSSL crypto/x509v3/v3_skey.c failed: failed to poll (Interrupted system call)
#0 47.64 error: command Compiling CCryptoBoringSSL crypto/x509v3/v3_purp.c failed: failed to poll (Interrupted system call)

解决方案 #

1. 增加跨架构构建的资源分配 #

跨架构构建依赖QEMU模拟x86环境，资源不足会触发中断错误。修改buildx命令，指定CPU核心和内存：

docker buildx build --platform=linux/amd64 --cpuset-cpus 0-3 --memory 8g -t <image-name>:v1 .

2. 更新依赖版本 #

旧版本的Swift NIO和Swift Crypto在模拟环境下存在兼容性问题，升级到较新版本：

.package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-nio.git", .upToNextMajor(from: "2.50.0")),
.package(url: "https://github.com/apple/swift-crypto.git", .upToNextMajor(from: "3.0.0"))

3. 禁用并行编译 #

并行编译在QEMU环境下容易出错，强制单线程构建：

RUN swift build -c release --static-swift-stdlib --jobs 1

4. 修复可执行目标声明 #

根据警告提示，在Package.swift中将可执行目标改为executableTarget()：

// 替换旧的target声明
.executableTarget(
    name: "Build",
    dependencies: []
)

5. 使用多架构官方Swift镜像 #

确保Dockerfile基础镜像支持多架构，比如：

FROM swift:5.8-jammy

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者tweeterist