Android获取文件路径报错"column '_data' does not exist"第三方分享崩溃求助

Hey there! Let's break down why your app is crashing and how to fix it:

What's Going Wrong? #

Your current getpath method has two critical issues:

1. You're using MediaStore.Video.Media.DATA to query images—that's a clear mismatch! Even for videos, this field is deprecated starting from Android 10 (API 29) and won't work for URIs that don't come directly from the system media library.
2. Third-party apps like WhatsApp often use FileProvider to share files, which generates URIs that don't map to a public, accessible file path. When you try to query DATA for these URIs, the cursor will either return null or throw an exception, causing your app to crash.

Solution 1: Read Content Directly (Recommended) #

Instead of chasing a file path, use ContentResolver.openInputStream() to read the shared content directly. This works for all valid shared URIs, including those from FileProvider:

public InputStream getSharedContentStream(Context context, Uri contentUri) throws IOException {
    return context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(contentUri);
}

You can use this input stream to copy the file to your app's private storage, process it immediately, or display it—no need for a raw file path at all.

Solution 2: Get a Usable File Path (If You Must) #

If you absolutely need a file path (e.g., for legacy code integration), copy the shared content to your app's private directory and use that path. Here's a robust implementation:

public String getUsableFilePath(Context context, Uri uri) {
    if (uri == null) return null;

    // Handle content URIs (most common for shared files)
    if ("content".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        try (Cursor cursor = context.getContentResolver().query(uri, 
                new String[]{OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME}, null, null, null)) {
            if (cursor != null && cursor.moveToFirst()) {
                String fileName = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndexOrThrow(OpenableColumns.DISPLAY_NAME));
                File tempFile = new File(context.getFilesDir(), fileName);

                // Copy the shared content to our private file
                try (InputStream in = context.getContentResolver().openInputStream(uri);
                     OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(tempFile)) {
                    byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
                    int bytesRead;
                    while ((bytesRead = in.read(buffer)) != -1) {
                        out.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
                    }
                    return tempFile.getAbsolutePath();
                }
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    } 
    // Handle file URIs (less common now, but still possible)
    else if ("file".equalsIgnoreCase(uri.getScheme())) {
        return uri.getPath();
    }

    return null;
}

Key Notes to Avoid Future Crashes #

• Ditch MediaStore.Xxx.Media.DATA: This field is deprecated and unreliable for shared content. Use OpenableColumns or direct stream access instead.
• Wrap operations in try-catch: Always handle exceptions from cursor and stream operations to prevent unhandled crashes.
• Respect scoped storage: Android 10+ restricts direct access to public storage. Using your app's private directory (via getFilesDir()) is safe and doesn't require extra permissions.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Drake