Java API调用ElasticSearch存储脚本更新报错，GUI执行正常求解决

问题背景 #

在Elasticsearch GUI中创建存储脚本chargepoint_device_status_update2，并通过_update_by_query接口执行更新逻辑（当updateTime大于laststatuschangeddate时更新文档，否则不操作）可正常运行，但使用Spring Boot的RestHighLevelClient编写Java代码调用时，出现编译错误，提示cannot resolve symbol [ctx._source.deviceId]。

GUI操作步骤 #

1. 创建存储脚本请求 #

POST _scripts/chargepoint_device_status_update2
{
  "script": {
    "source": "if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['deviceId'] && ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate<params['updateTime']) { ctx._source.statusName=params['newStatus'];ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate=params['updateTime']  } else { ctx.op = 'noop' }",
    "lang": "painless"
  }
}

2. 执行更新请求 #

POST idx_chargepoint_device_status/_update_by_query
{
  "script": {
    "id": "chargepoint_device_status_update2",
    "params": {
      "updateTime": 1668462920315,
      "newStatus": "available3",
      "deviceId": "52334"
    }
  }
}

Java错误代码 #

@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;

Map<String,Object> parameters=new HashMap<>();
parameters.put("updateTime",1668462920315L);
parameters.put("newStatus","available3");
parameters.put("deviceId","52334");

Script script = new Script(ScriptType.STORED, null, "chargepoint_device_status_update2", parameters);

QueryBuilder qb = new ScriptQueryBuilder(script);
UpdateByQueryRequest request = new UpdateByQueryRequest("idx_chargepoint_device_status");
request.setQuery(qb);
client.updateByQuery(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

报错信息 #

OpenSearch exception [type=illegal_argument_exception, reason=cannot resolve symbol [ctx._source.deviceId]]

Suppressed: org.opensearch.client.ResponseException: method [POST], host [http://localhost:9200], URI [/idx_chargepoint_device_status/_update_by_query?slices=1&requests_per_second=-1&ignore_unavailable=false&expand_wildcards=open&allow_no_indices=true&ignore_throttled=true&wait_for_completion=true&timeout=1m], status line [HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request]

{"error":{"root_cause":[{"type":"script_exception","reason":"compile error","script_stack":["if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['device ...","               ^---- HERE"],"script":"if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['deviceId'] && ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate<params['updateTime']) { ctx._source.statusName=params['newStatus'];ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate=params['updateTime']  } else { ctx.op = 'noop' }","lang":"painless","position":{"offset":15,"start":0,"end":40}}],"type":"search_phase_execution_exception","reason":"all shards failed","phase":"query","grouped":true,"failed_shards":[{"shard":0,"index":"idx_chargepoint_device_status","node":"zMQFoB7kQ2eWVi3kEWOHWA","reason":{"type":"query_shard_exception","reason":"failed to create query: compile error","index":"idx_chargepoint_device_status","index_uuid":"UKGQ1wU7TFWkAKh9zgsmXw","caused_by":{"type":"script_exception","reason":"compile error","script_stack":["if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['device ...","               ^---- HERE"],"script":"if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['deviceId'] && ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate<params['updateTime']) { ctx._source.statusName=params['newStatus'];ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate=params['updateTime']  } else { ctx.op = 'noop' }","lang":"painless","position":{"offset":15,"start":0,"end":40},"caused_by":{"type":"illegal_argument_exception","reason":"cannot resolve symbol [ctx._source.deviceId]"}}}}],"caused_by":{"type":"script_exception","reason":"compile error","script_stack":["if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['device ...","               ^---- HERE"],"script":"if (ctx._source.deviceId==params['deviceId'] && ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate<params['updateTime']) { ctx._source.statusName=params['newStatus'];ctx._source.laststatuschangeddate=params['updateTime']  } else { ctx.op = 'noop' }","lang":"painless","position":{"offset":15,"start":0,"end":40},"caused_by":{"type":"illegal_argument_exception","reason":"cannot resolve symbol [ctx._source.deviceId]"}}},"status":400}

错误原因 #

你错误地将更新脚本当作了查询脚本使用：

• ScriptQueryBuilder是用于搜索阶段的脚本查询，该上下文不存在ctx._source对象，因此无法解析ctx._source.deviceId。
• 而_update_by_query接口的正确用法是将脚本设置为更新逻辑，而非查询条件。

修正后的Java代码 #

@Autowired
private RestHighLevelClient client;

Map<String,Object> parameters=new HashMap<>();
parameters.put("updateTime",1668462920315L);
parameters.put("newStatus","available3");
parameters.put("deviceId","52334");

Script script = new Script(ScriptType.STORED, null, "chargepoint_device_status_update2", parameters);

UpdateByQueryRequest request = new UpdateByQueryRequest("idx_chargepoint_device_status");
// 直接将脚本设置为更新逻辑，而非查询条件
request.setScript(script);
client.updateByQuery(request, RequestOptions.DEFAULT);

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anthony Brown