使用neuralintents库时TensorFlow版本兼容问题求助

我正在开发一款语音助手，此前从未使用过TensorFlow。我通过以下命令安装了TensorFlow：

pip install https://storage.googleapis.com/tensorflow/mac/cpu/tensorflow-1.8.0-py3-none-any.whl

但运行代码时出现了如下报错：

File "c:\Users\User\OneDrive\Bureau\Alexa\main.py", line 7, in <module>
    from neuralintents import GenericAssistant
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\neuralintents\__init__.py", line 1, in <module>
    from neuralintents.main import GenericAssistant
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\neuralintents\main.py", line 14, in <module>
    from tensorflow.keras.models import Sequential
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\tensorflow\__init__.py", line 24, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow  # pylint: disable=unused-import
    ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\tensorflow\python\__init__.py", line 49, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python import pywrap_tensorflow
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow.py", line 58, in <module>
    from tensorflow.python.pywrap_tensorflow_internal import *
  File "C:\Users\User\AppData\Local\Packages\PythonSoftwareFoundation.Python.3.11_qbz5n2kfra8p0\LocalCache\local-packages\Python311\site-packages\tensorflow\python\pywrap_tensorflow_internal.py", line 114   
    def TFE_ContextOptionsSetAsync(arg1, async):

我的语音助手代码如下：

import sys
import threading
import tkinter as tk

import speech_recognition
import pyttsx3 as tts
from neuralintents import GenericAssistant

class Assistant:
    def __init__(self):
        self.recognizer = speech_recognition.Recognizer()
        self.speaker = tts.init()
        self.speaker.setProperty("rate", 150)

        self.assistant = GenericAssistant("intents.json", intent_methods={"file": self.create_file})
        threading.Thread(target=self.run_assitnat).start()

    def create_file(self):
        with open("somefile.txt", "w") as f:
            f.write("Hellow world")

    def run_assistant(self):
        while True:
            try:
                with speech_recognition.Microphone() as mic:
                    self.recognizer.adjust_for_ambient_noise(mic, duration=0.2)
                    audio = self.recognizer.listen(mic)
                    
                    text = self.recognizer.recognize_google(audio)
                    text = text.lower()

                    if "hey jake" in text:
                        audio = self.recognizer.listen(mic)
                        text = self.recognizer.recognize_google(audio)
                        text = text.lower()
                        if text == "stop":
                            self.speaker.say("Bye")
                            self.speaker.runAndWait()
                            self.speaker.stop()
                            sys.exit()

                        else:
                            if text is not None:
                                response = self.assistant.request(text)
                                if response is not None:
                                    self.speaker.say(response)
                                    self.speaker.runAndWait()
                                
            except:continue
Assistant()

核心问题 #

• 版本严重不兼容：你安装的TensorFlow 1.8.0是2018年的旧版本，完全不支持Python 3.11。报错中的async是Python 3.7+的关键字，旧版TensorFlow用它当参数名导致语法错误。
• 依赖路径不匹配：neuralintents依赖TensorFlow 2.x的tensorflow.keras模块，而TensorFlow 1.x的Keras是独立的，路径不对应。

修复步骤 #

1. 卸载旧版TensorFlow
   执行命令：

pip uninstall tensorflow -y

2. 安装兼容的TensorFlow版本
   Python 3.11支持TensorFlow 2.13.0及以上版本，执行：

pip install tensorflow>=2.13.0

3. 修正代码中的拼写错误
   代码中__init__方法里的线程目标写错了方法名：run_assitnat应为run_assistant，修正后代码行：

threading.Thread(target=self.run_assistant).start()

4. 更新其他依赖
   确保所有相关库都是兼容版本：

pip install --upgrade speechrecognition pyttsx3 neuralintents

额外提示 #

• 确认intents.json文件和代码在同一目录，格式符合neuralintents要求（需包含intents数组，每个intent有tag、patterns、responses字段）。
• 如果安装时网络卡顿，可使用国内镜像源加速：

pip install tensorflow>=2.13.0 -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user20886487