本地GitLab部署ReadTheDocs执行migrate命令遇TypeError报错求助

问题背景 #

• 使用环境：Python3.9、Pip3.9，已通过python3.9 -m venv tutorial-env创建并激活虚拟环境
• 操作步骤：执行pip install -r requirements.txt无报错，运行python3.9 /home/redhat/readthedocs.org/manage.py migrate时触发错误
• 错误信息：

[debug    ] Using slumber v2.              [readthedocs.api.v2.client] api_host=http://127.0.0.1:8000 username=test

Traceback (most recent call last):

  File "/home/redhat/readthedocs.org/manage.py", line 11, in <module>

    execute_from_command_line(sys.argv)

  File "/home/redhat/tutorial-env/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 419, in execute_from_command_line

    utility.execute()

  File "/home/redhat/tutorial-env/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 395, in execute

    django.setup()

  File "/home/redhat/tutorial-env/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup

    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)

  File "/home/redhat/tutorial-env/lib64/python3.9/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 122, in populate

    app_config.ready()

  File "/home/redhat/readthedocs.org/readthedocs/core/apps.py", line 15, in ready

    import readthedocs.core.signals  # noqa

  File "/home/redhat/readthedocs.org/readthedocs/core/signals.py", line 17, in <module>

    from readthedocs.core.unresolver import unresolve

  File "/home/redhat/readthedocs.org/readthedocs/core/unresolver.py", line 16, in <module>

    @dataclass(slots=True)

TypeError: dataclass() got an unexpected keyword argument 'slots'

原因分析 #

Python 3.9的标准库dataclasses.dataclass未引入slots=True参数，该参数是Python 3.10新增的特性。当前安装的ReadTheDocs版本代码中使用了这个仅Python3.10+支持的参数，导致在Python3.9环境下运行报错。

解决方案 #

• 方案一：升级Python版本
  将Python版本升级到3.10或更高版本，确保与ReadTheDocs代码的语法特性兼容，之后重新运行迁移命令即可。
• 方案二：安装兼容Python3.9的ReadTheDocs版本
  如果无法升级Python，需要切换到ReadTheDocs支持Python3.9的版本分支，重新安装依赖后再执行迁移操作。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者sysoptr