能否用Selenium点击预言机表格Next按钮？元素查找返回NoneType

我想通过点击按钮翻页查看展示预言机答案的表格，确认能用Selenium实现点击该按钮吗？我已经确认XPath是正确的，但尝试两种元素查找方式都返回NoneType，相关代码如下：

from selenium import webdriver
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time
import pyautogui

# 初始化Chrome浏览器驱动
driver = webdriver.Chrome()

# 访问质押页面
driver.get('https://staking.chain.link/')

# 等待页面加载
time.sleep(15)

# 查找“Next”按钮
next_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('/html/body/div[1]/main/div/div[3]/div[3]/button[2]')

# 点击按钮加载下10条结果
next_button.click()

我还尝试了以下代码：

next_button = driver.find_element_by_class('button_secondary__WYcyn paragraph-100')

解决方法 #

• 放弃绝对XPath：像/html/body/...这种绝对路径容错率极低，页面结构稍有变动就会失效。改用相对定位方式，比如按按钮文本、类名组合定位：

  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  
  # 通过按钮文本定位
  next_button = driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//button[contains(text(), 'Next')]")
  # 多类名组合需用CSS选择器（Selenium的CLASS_NAME仅支持单个类名）
  next_button = driver.find_element(By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button.button_secondary__WYcyn.paragraph-100")
  

• 替换强制等待为显式等待：time.sleep(15)是固定时长等待，可能元素还未加载完成就执行查找。改用显式等待，直到元素可点击再操作：

  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  
  # 最长等待20秒，直到按钮可点击
  next_button = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(
      EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button.button_secondary__WYcyn.paragraph-100"))
  )
  next_button.click()
  

• 检查元素是否在iframe内：如果按钮嵌套在iframe中，必须先切换到iframe才能查找元素：

  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  
  # 定位并切换到目标iframe（替换为实际iframe的定位器）
  iframe = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(
      EC.presence_of_element_located((By.XPATH, "//iframe[@id='xxx']"))
  )
  driver.switch_to.frame(iframe)
  
  # 查找并点击按钮
  next_button = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(
      EC.element_to_be_clickable((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button.button_secondary__WYcyn.paragraph-100"))
  )
  next_button.click()
  
  # 操作完成后切回主页面
  driver.switch_to.default_content()
  

• 元素被遮挡时用JS点击：若按钮存在但被其他元素遮挡无法点击，用JavaScript强制触发点击：

  from selenium.webdriver.common.by import By
  from selenium.webdriver.support.ui import WebDriverWait
  from selenium.webdriver.support import expected_conditions as EC
  
  next_button = WebDriverWait(driver, 20).until(
      EC.presence_of_element_located((By.CSS_SELECTOR, "button.button_secondary__WYcyn.paragraph-100"))
  )
  driver.execute_script("arguments[0].click();", next_button)
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者maharishi444