如何仅按单个句点分割文本，避免匹配三连省略号？

问题背景 #

现有文本：

const text = "If you look at a map of Europe... you will... notice. That apart from the big... landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west."

需要按单个句点分割文本（保留句点在句中），但要排除三连省略号的干扰，期望得到如下数组：

const result = [
 "If you look at a map of Europe... you will... notice.",
 "That apart from the big... landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west."
]

现有函数可处理无省略号的情况，但遇到三连省略号时会错误分割每个句点：

function splitByPunctuationMark(str) {
 return str.split(/(?<=[!.?])/).map(value => value.trim())
}

函数运行结果 #

1. 无三连省略号时（正常工作）：

const result = splitByPunctuationMark("If you look at a map of Europe you will notice. That apart from the big landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west.")

console.log(result)
/*
[
 "If you look at a map of Europe you will notice.", 
 "That apart from the big landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west."
]
*/

2. 有三连省略号时（分割错误）：

const result = splitByPunctuationMark("If you look at a map of Europe... you will... notice. That apart from the big... landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west.")

console.log(result)
/*
[
 "If you look at a map of Europe.", 
 ".", 
 ".", 
 "you will.", 
 ".", 
 ".", 
 "notice.", 
 "That apart from the big.", 
 ".", 
 ".", 
 "landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west."
]
*/

解决方案 #

原正则会匹配所有!.?，包括省略号里的句点，导致错误分割。我们需要调整正则，只匹配作为句子结尾标记的标点——即后面跟空格/字符串结尾，且前面不属于三连省略号的!.?。

修正后的函数：

function splitByPunctuationMark(str) {
  return str.split(/(?<=[!.?])(?=\s|$)(?<!\.\.)/).map(value => value.trim());
}

正则解释 #

• (?<=[!.?])：正向后顾断言，确保当前位置前是句点、问号或感叹号
• (?=\s|$)：正向前瞻断言，确保当前位置后是空格或字符串结尾（符合句子结束的逻辑）
• (?<!\.\.)：负向后顾断言，确保当前位置前没有连续两个句点（排除三连省略号的最后一个句点）

测试验证 #

const text = "If you look at a map of Europe... you will... notice. That apart from the big... landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west.";
console.log(splitByPunctuationMark(text));
/*
[
  "If you look at a map of Europe... you will... notice.",
  "That apart from the big... landmass known as the continent, there are two small islands to the west."
]
*/

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mykyta Manuilenko