JSON数组反序列化报错求助：RuntimeBinderException问题排查

问题描述 #

待反序列化的JSON结构：

{    
    "status": 200,    
    "success": true,    
    "message": "Success",    
    "data": [        
        {            
            "transaction_reference": "REF202301031128311645_1",            
            "virtual_account_number": "1234567890",            
            "principal_amount": "200.00",            
            "settled_amount": "199.80",            
            "fee_charged": "0.20",            
            "transaction_date": "2023-01-03T00:00:00.000Z",            
            "transaction_indicator": "C",            
            "remarks": "Transfer FROM Transfer | [1234567] TO Merchant Name",            
            "currency": "NGN",            
            "alerted_merchant": false,            
            "merchant_settlement_date": "2023-01-03T10:29:25.847Z",            
            "frozen_transaction": null,            
            "customer": {                
                "customer_identifier": "1234567"            
            }        
        }    
    ]
}

需要提取的字段：status、transaction_reference、virtual_account_number、principal_amount、customer_identifier

尝试的代码：

string data = response.Content;
string dataT = data.Replace("", string.Empty);
dynamic stuff = JObject.Parse(dataT);
dynamic status = stuff.status;
var JsonResponse = stuff.data;
var ResponseX = JsonNode.Parse(JsonResponse); // Deserializing json Array
dynamic transaction_reference = ResponseX[0]["transaction_reference"];
dynamic virtual_account_number = ResponseX[1]["virtual_account_number"];
dynamic principal_amount = ResponseX[2]["principal_amount"];
dynamic customer = ResponseX[13]["customer_identifier"];
dynamic customer_identifier = customer.customer_identifier;

触发的错误：

Microsoft.CSharp.RuntimeBinder.RuntimeBinderException
HResult=0x80131500
Message=The best overloaded method match for'System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNode.Parse(refSystem.Text.Json.Utf8JsonReader,System.Text.Json.Nodes.JsonNodeOptions?)' has some invalid arguments
Source=
StackTrace:

错误发生在var ResponseX = JsonNode.Parse(JsonResponse);行。

错误原因 #

1. JSON库混用：同时使用Newtonsoft.Json（JObject.Parse）和System.Text.Json（JsonNode.Parse），stuff.data是Newtonsoft的JArray类型，并非字符串，不符合JsonNode.Parse的参数要求（该方法仅接受字符串或Utf8JsonReader）。
2. 数组索引逻辑错误：JSON的data数组仅包含1个元素，代码中ResponseX[1]、ResponseX[2]、ResponseX[13]均为无效索引，且所有目标字段都在数组的第0个元素内部，并非按数组索引拆分字段。

正确提取方案 #

方案1：纯Newtonsoft.Json实现（适配现有代码） #

string data = response.Content;
// 无需空字符串替换，JObject.Parse可直接处理带空格的JSON
dynamic stuff = JObject.Parse(data);
// 提取status
int status = stuff.status;

// 处理data数组
var dataArray = stuff.data as JArray;
if (dataArray != null && dataArray.Count > 0)
{
    var firstItem = dataArray[0];
    string transaction_reference = firstItem["transaction_reference"]?.ToString();
    string virtual_account_number = firstItem["virtual_account_number"]?.ToString();
    string principal_amount = firstItem["principal_amount"]?.ToString();
    string customer_identifier = firstItem["customer"]["customer_identifier"]?.ToString();
    
    // 后续业务逻辑处理
}

方案2：纯System.Text.Json实现 #

string data = response.Content;
using var doc = JsonDocument.Parse(data);
var root = doc.RootElement;

// 提取status
int status = root.GetProperty("status").GetInt32();

// 处理data数组
var dataArray = root.GetProperty("data");
if (dataArray.GetArrayLength() > 0)
{
    var firstItem = dataArray[0];
    string transaction_reference = firstItem.GetProperty("transaction_reference").GetString();
    string virtual_account_number = firstItem.GetProperty("virtual_account_number").GetString();
    string principal_amount = firstItem.GetProperty("principal_amount").GetString();
    string customer_identifier = firstItem.GetProperty("customer").GetProperty("customer_identifier").GetString();
    
    // 后续业务逻辑处理
}

方案3：强类型反序列化（最规范，避免运行时错误） #

先定义对应实体类：

public class TransactionResponse
{
    public int Status { get; set; }
    public bool Success { get; set; }
    public string Message { get; set; }
    public List<TransactionData> Data { get; set; }
}

public class TransactionData
{
    public string Transaction_reference { get; set; }
    public string Virtual_account_number { get; set; }
    public string Principal_amount { get; set; }
    public Customer Customer { get; set; }
}

public class Customer
{
    public string Customer_identifier { get; set; }
}

再执行反序列化与字段提取：

string data = response.Content;
// Newtonsoft.Json版本
var responseObj = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<TransactionResponse>(data);
// 或System.Text.Json版本
// var responseObj = JsonSerializer.Deserialize<TransactionResponse>(data);

if (responseObj != null && responseObj.Data != null && responseObj.Data.Count > 0)
{
    var firstTransaction = responseObj.Data[0];
    int status = responseObj.Status;
    string transactionRef = firstTransaction.Transaction_reference;
    string virtualAccount = firstTransaction.Virtual_account_number;
    string principalAmount = firstTransaction.Principal_amount;
    string customerId = firstTransaction.Customer.Customer_identifier;
    
    // 后续业务逻辑处理
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Emeka Okoye