ggarrange组合ggplot图时自定义行标题位置的问题

方法1：基于ggarrange+annotate（直接在图外添加标题） #

给每行第一个图添加自定义标题，通过调整注释位置和图边距，让标题显示在图外左上方：

library(ggplot2)
library(ggpubr)

# 创建示例图
p1 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, disp)) + geom_point()
p2 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, hp)) + geom_point()
p3 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, drat)) + geom_point()
p4 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, wt)) + geom_point()
p5 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, qsec)) + geom_point()
p6 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, vs)) + geom_point()

# 给每行第一个图添加图外标题
p1_title <- p1 + 
  annotate("text", x = -Inf, y = Inf, label = "问卷维度1", 
           hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.5, size = 5, fontface = "bold") +
  theme(plot.margin = margin(t = 20, r = 5, b = 5, l = 5)) # 顶部留空避免标题被截断

p3_title <- p3 + 
  annotate("text", x = -Inf, y = Inf, label = "问卷维度2", 
           hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.5, size = 5, fontface = "bold") +
  theme(plot.margin = margin(t = 20, r = 5, b = 5, l = 5))

p5_title <- p5 + 
  annotate("text", x = -Inf, y = Inf, label = "问卷维度3", 
           hjust = -0.1, vjust = 1.5, size = 5, fontface = "bold") +
  theme(plot.margin = margin(t = 20, r = 5, b = 5, l = 5))

# 组合所有图
ggarrange(p1_title, p2,
          p3_title, p4,
          p5_title, p6,
          ncol = 2, nrow = 3)

方法2：用cowplot单独控制标题区域 #

通过cowplot的plot_grid单独设置标题行，更灵活控制标题位置和高度：

library(ggplot2)
library(cowplot)

# 创建示例图（同方法1）
p1 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, disp)) + geom_point()
p2 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, hp)) + geom_point()
p3 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, drat)) + geom_point()
p4 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, wt)) + geom_point()
p5 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, qsec)) + geom_point()
p6 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, vs)) + geom_point()

# 创建行标题文本框
title1 <- ggdraw() + draw_label("问卷维度1", fontface = "bold", size = 5)
title2 <- ggdraw() + draw_label("问卷维度2", fontface = "bold", size = 5)
title3 <- ggdraw() + draw_label("问卷维度3", fontface = "bold", size = 5)

# 组合每行的标题和图
row1 <- plot_grid(title1, NULL, ncol = 2, rel_widths = c(1, 1)) # NULL占位对应第二列图上方
row1_full <- plot_grid(row1, plot_grid(p1, p2, ncol = 2), nrow = 2, rel_heights = c(0.1, 1))

row2 <- plot_grid(title2, NULL, ncol = 2, rel_widths = c(1, 1))
row2_full <- plot_grid(row2, plot_grid(p3, p4, ncol = 2), nrow = 2, rel_heights = c(0.1, 1))

row3 <- plot_grid(title3, NULL, ncol = 2, rel_widths = c(1, 1))
row3_full <- plot_grid(row3, plot_grid(p5, p6, ncol = 2), nrow = 2, rel_heights = c(0.1, 1))

# 组合所有行
plot_grid(row1_full, row2_full, row3_full, nrow = 3)

方法3：用patchwork简洁实现 #

patchwork的plot_annotation直接自定义标签，调整标签位置实现行标题效果：

library(ggplot2)
library(patchwork)

# 创建示例图（同方法1）
p1 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, disp)) + geom_point()
p2 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, hp)) + geom_point()
p3 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, drat)) + geom_point()
p4 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, wt)) + geom_point()
p5 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, qsec)) + geom_point()
p6 <- ggplot(mtcars, aes(mpg, vs)) + geom_point()

# 组合图并添加自定义行标题
wrap_plots(p1, p2, p3, p4, p5, p6, ncol = 2) +
  plot_annotation(tag_levels = list(c("问卷维度1", "问卷维度1", "问卷维度2", "问卷维度2", "问卷维度3", "问卷维度3"))) +
  theme(plot.tag = element_text(size = 5, face = "bold", hjust = 0),
        plot.tag.position = c(0, 1.05)) # 调整标签到每行左上方

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者tony13s