如何用Python将给定的键值列表拆分为键列表和值列表

原始输入 #

List = ['function = function1', 'string = string1', 'hello = hello1', 'new = new1', 'test = test1']

预期输出 #

键列表 #

KeyList = ['function', 'string', 'hello', 'new', 'test']

值列表 #

ValueList = ['function1', 'string1', 'hello1', 'new1', 'test1']

实现方案 #

方案1：基础循环遍历 #

逐个处理列表元素，按=分割并清理空格后分别收集：

List = ['function = function1', 'string = string1', 'hello = hello1', 'new = new1', 'test = test1']
KeyList = []
ValueList = []

for item in List:
    key, value = item.split('=')
    KeyList.append(key.strip())
    ValueList.append(value.strip())

# 验证结果
print(KeyList)
print(ValueList)

方案2：列表推导+zip解包 #

先通过列表推导生成键值元组序列，再用zip批量解包为两个列表：

List = ['function = function1', 'string = string1', 'hello = hello1', 'new = new1', 'test = test1']
# 拆分所有元素为键值对元组
key_value_pairs = [item.split('=') for item in List]
# 解包为两个元组，再转换为列表并清理空格
KeyList, ValueList = zip(*key_value_pairs)
KeyList = [k.strip() for k in KeyList]
ValueList = [v.strip() for v in ValueList]

# 验证结果
print(KeyList)
print(ValueList)

方案3：一行式列表推导 #

直接用两个列表推导分别生成键列表和值列表，代码更简洁：

List = ['function = function1', 'string = string1', 'hello = hello1', 'new = new1', 'test = test1']
KeyList = [item.split('=')[0].strip() for item in List]
ValueList = [item.split('=')[1].strip() for item in List]

# 验证结果
print(KeyList)
print(ValueList)

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Mario