Spring Boot 3.0部署GlassFish 7时遇ASM版本不兼容异常问题

环境信息 #

• Spring Boot 3.0.1 Hello World应用
• 打包为WAR包
• 部署至GlassFish 7
• 使用OpenJDK 17

异常日志 #

Exception while visiting org/springframework/aot/hint/predicate/ResourceHintsPredicates$AggregatedResourcePatternHints.class of size 3983
java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: Record requires ASM8
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor.visitRecordComponent(ClassVisitor.java:323)
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.readRecordComponent(ClassReader.java:953)
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(ClassReader.java:731)
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(ClassReader.java:424)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser$5.on(Parser.java:336)
at com.sun.enterprise.v3.server.ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.handleEntry(ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.java:137)
at com.sun.enterprise.v3.server.ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.onSelectedEntries(ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.java:100)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser.doJob(Parser.java:321)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser.access$300(Parser.java:44)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser$3.call(Parser.java:280)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser$3.call(Parser.java:269)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

java.lang.UnsupportedOperationException: PermittedSubclasses requires ASM9
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassVisitor.visitPermittedSubclass(ClassVisitor.java:281)
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(ClassReader.java:706)
at org.objectweb.asm.ClassReader.accept(ClassReader.java:424)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser$5.on(Parser.java:336)
at com.sun.enterprise.v3.server.ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.handleEntry(ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.java:137)
at com.sun.enterprise.v3.server.ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.onSelectedEntries(ReadableArchiveScannerAdapter.java:100)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser.doJob(Parser.java:321)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser.access$300(Parser.java:44)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser$3.call(Parser.java:280)
at org.glassfish.hk2.classmodel.reflect.Parser$3.call(Parser.java:269)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:264)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136)
at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)

项目POM配置 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository -->
    </parent>
    <packaging>war</packaging>
    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>demo</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>demo</name>
    <description>demo</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <exclusions>
                <exclusion>
                    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
                </exclusion>
            </exclusions>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>jakarta.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jakarta.servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>6.0.0</version>
            <scope>provided</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <!--            <plugin>
                            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                        </plugin>-->
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

核心接口代码 #

@GetMapping("/hello")
public String sayHello(@RequestParam(value = "myName", defaultValue = "World") String name) {
    return String.format("Hello %s!", name);
}

原因分析 #

这两个异常的核心是GlassFish 7内置的HK2类解析器依赖的ASM版本过低：

• Record requires ASM8：Java 16引入的Record特性需要ASM 8及以上版本支持，而GlassFish 7默认携带的ASM版本低于8；
• PermittedSubclasses requires ASM9：Java 17引入的密封类permits关键字特性需要ASM 9及以上版本支持，HK2自带的ASM版本无法兼容。
  Spring Boot 3.x依赖的部分类（如ResourceHintsPredicates$AggregatedResourcePatternHints）使用了Java 16+新特性，GlassFish扫描WAR包时，低版本ASM解析这些类就会抛出异常。

解决方法 #

方法1：升级GlassFish到修复版本 #

GlassFish 7.0.7及后续版本已将内置ASM版本升级到9.x，完全兼容Java 17的新特性，直接下载升级GlassFish即可解决问题。

方法2：替换GlassFish内置的ASM依赖（无法升级服务器时使用） #

1. 下载ASM 9.x的核心jar包：asm.jar、asm-commons.jar；
2. 替换GlassFish安装目录下modules/org.objectweb.asm.jar和modules/org.objectweb.asm.commons.jar；
3. 重启GlassFish服务器。

方法3：启用Spring Boot打包插件 #

取消POM中spring-boot-maven-plugin的注释，使用Spring Boot官方的WAR打包逻辑，它会优化依赖结构，减少GlassFish扫描时的类解析冲突：

<build>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

方法4：临时排除AOT相关依赖（应急方案） #

在spring-boot-starter-web中排除AOT相关模块，减少低版本ASM需要解析的新特性类，注意此方法可能影响部分Spring Boot功能，仅作为临时 workaround：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-tomcat</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>
<!-- 重新引入不带AOT的spring-core -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
    <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
    <version>6.0.3</version>
    <exclusions>
        <exclusion>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-aot</artifactId>
        </exclusion>
    </exclusions>
</dependency>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者WajahatAlvi