Elasticsearch中simple query string能否设置TYPE参数及评分规则咨询

Nice question! Let’s break down how simple_query_string handles multi-field matching, since it’s a stripped-down alternative to query_string with some key differences.

Default Mode & Scoring Logic #

By default, simple_query_string behaves exactly like the best_fields type in query_string:

• It looks for matches across all the fields you specify, but only uses the highest individual field score as the final document score.
• Other matching fields don’t contribute their scores to the total—so if a document matches "test" in titel with a score of 3.2 and in content with a score of 1.8, the final score will be 3.2, not the sum of both.

This default is intentional: simple_query_string is built for straightforward searches, prioritizing documents that have the strongest single-field match rather than aggregating signals across multiple fields.

Can You Set the type Parameter? #

Short answer: No, simple_query_string does not support the type parameter (like most_fields, cross_fields, etc.). Its scoring logic is fixed to the best_fields-style behavior described above.

If you need to combine scores across fields (e.g., sum them like most_fields does) or use other multi-field scoring strategies, you have two better options:

1. Stick with query_string (since you already know how to use its type parameter)
2. Use a multi_match query, which also supports the full range of type options. Here’s a quick example of multi_match with most_fields:

GET /_search
{
  "query": {
    "multi_match": {
      "query": "test",
      "fields": ["titel", "content"],
      "type": "most_fields"
    }
  }
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lasse Normann