为什么会出现TypeError: jsdom.createVirtualConsole()不是函数？

环境背景 #

• 基于WSL + Ubuntu搭建的开发环境，包含Node.js、Python、Ruby
• 当前jsdom版本：20.0.3（通过npm list jsdom确认）

错误详情 #

执行learn test后终端报错：

java-script-intro-to-functions-lab@0.1.0 test
mocha --timeout 5000 -R mocha-multi --reporter-options spec=-,json=.results.json

0 passing (106ms)   1 failing

  1) "before all" hook in "{root}":
     TypeError: jsdom.createVirtualConsole is not a function
      at Context.<anonymous> (test/root.js:18:27)
      at process.processImmediate 
(node:internal/timers:471:21)

尝试将virtualConsole改为new jsdom.VirtualConsole().sendTo(console)后，出现新错误：

TypeError: jsdom.env is not a function

相关代码文件 #

test/root.js #

global.expect = require("expect");

const babel = require("babel-core");
const jsdom = require("jsdom");
const path = require("path");

before(function (done) {
  const babelResult = babel.transformFileSync(
    path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "index.js"),
    {
      presets: ["es2015"],
    }
  );

  const html = path.resolve(__dirname, "..", "index.html");
  jsdom.env(
    html,
    [],
    {
      src: babelResult.code,
      virtualConsole: jsdom.createVirtualConsole().sendTo(console),
    },
    (err, window) => {
      if (err) {
        return done(err);
      }
      Object.keys(window).forEach((key) => {
        global[key] = window[key];
      });

      return done();
    }
  );
});

package.json（npm audit --fix --force更新后） #

"devDependencies": {  
  "babel-core": "^6.11.4",  
  "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.9.0",  
  "expect": "^1.20.2",  
  "jsdom": "^20.0.3",  
  "mocha": "^10.2.0",  
  "mocha-jsdom": "~1.1.0",  
  "mocha-multi": "^1.1.3"   
}

package.json（npm audit --fix --force前原始版本） #

"devDependencies": {
    "babel-core": "^6.11.4",
    "babel-preset-es2015": "^6.9.0",
    "expect": "^1.20.2",
    "jsdom": "^9.2.1",
    "mocha": "5.2.0",
    "mocha-jsdom": "~1.1.0",
    "mocha-multi": "^1.1.3"
  }

操作过程 #

运行npm audit --fix --force后，终端输出：

npm WARN using --force Recommended protections disabled. npm WARN
audit Updating jsdom to 20.0.3, which is a SemVer major change. npm
WARN audit Updating mocha to 10.2.0, which is a SemVer major change.

该命令强制更新了jsdom和mocha的大版本，导致与原有测试代码API不兼容。

解决办法 #

通过从GitHub重新安装实验环境，并忽略依赖问题警告，当前测试已能正常运行。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Giselle Smith