Composer 1.x安装Laravel认证组件遇array_merge参数错误，需升级？

背景 #

我正尝试为Laravel应用添加认证功能，由于make:auth已被废弃，先后尝试了ui:auth与Breeze两种方案。当前Composer版本为1.10.1（命令行安装时自带），最新版本是2.5.1，想问是否必须升级Composer？

执行命令与错误信息 #

执行以下两条命令均报错：

• composer require laravel/breeze:1.9.2
• composer require laravel/ui

错误信息：

Warning from https://repo.packagist.org: Support for Composer 1 is deprecated and some packages will not be available. You should upgrade to Composer 2. See https://blog.packagist.com/deprecating-composer-1-support/
Info from https://repo.packagist.org: #StandWithUkraine
Using version ^4.1 for laravel/ui
./composer.json has been updated

PHP Fatal error:  Uncaught ArgumentCountError: array_merge() does not accept unknown named parameters in /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/DefaultPolicy.php:84
Stack trace:
#0 [internal function]: array_merge()
#1 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/DefaultPolicy.php(84): call_user_func_array()
#2 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/Solver.php(387): Composer\DependencyResolver\DefaultPolicy->selectPreferredPackages()
#3 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/Solver.php(740): Composer\DependencyResolver\Solver->selectAndInstall()
#4 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/Solver.php(231): Composer\DependencyResolver\Solver->runSat()
#5 /usr/share/php/Composer/Installer.php(489): Composer\DependencyResolver\Solver->solve()
#6 /usr/share/php/Composer/Installer.php(232): Composer\Installer->doInstall()
#7 /usr/share/php/Composer/Command/RequireCommand.php(248): Composer\Installer->run()
#8 /usr/share/php/Composer/Command/RequireCommand.php(205): Composer\Command\RequireCommand->doUpdate()
#9 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Command/Command.php(255): Composer\Command\RequireCommand->execute()
#10 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Application.php(934): Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command->run()
#11 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Application.php(273): Symfony\Component\Console\Application->doRunCommand()
#12 /usr/share/php/Composer/Console/Application.php(281): Symfony\Component\Console\Application->doRun()
#13 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Application.php(149): Composer\Console\Application->doRun()
#14 /usr/share/php/Composer/Console/Application.php(113): Composer\Console\Application->run()
#15 /usr/bin/composer(62): Composer\Console\Application->run()
#16 {main}
  thrown in /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/DefaultPolicy.php on line 84

Fatal error: Uncaught ArgumentCountError: array_merge() does not accept unknown named parameters in /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/DefaultPolicy.php:84
Stack trace:
#0 [internal function]: array_merge()
#1 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/DefaultPolicy.php(84): call_user_func_array()
#2 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/Solver.php(387): Composer\DependencyResolver\DefaultPolicy->selectPreferredPackages()
#3 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/Solver.php(740): Composer\DependencyResolver\Solver->selectAndInstall()
#4 /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/Solver.php(231): Composer\DependencyResolver\Solver->runSat()
#5 /usr/share/php/Composer/Installer.php(489): Composer\DependencyResolver\Solver->solve()
#6 /usr/share/php/Composer/Installer.php(232): Composer\Installer->doInstall()
#7 /usr/share/php/Composer/Command/RequireCommand.php(248): Composer\Installer->run()
#8 /usr/share/php/Composer/Command/RequireCommand.php(205): Composer\Command\RequireCommand->doUpdate()
#9 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Command/Command.php(255): Composer\Command\RequireCommand->execute()
#10 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Application.php(934): Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command->run()
#11 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Application.php(273): Symfony\Component\Console\Application->doRunCommand()
#12 /usr/share/php/Composer/Console/Application.php(281): Symfony\Component\Console\Application->doRun()
#13 /usr/share/php/Symfony/Component/Console/Application.php(149): Composer\Console\Application->doRun()
#14 /usr/share/php/Composer/Console/Application.php(113): Composer\Console\Application->run()
#15 /usr/bin/composer(62): Composer\Console\Application->run()
#16 {main}
  thrown in /usr/share/php/Composer/DependencyResolver/DefaultPolicy.php on line 84

当前composer.json内容 #

{
    "name": "laravel/laravel",
    "type": "project",
    "description": "The Laravel Framework.",
    "keywords": ["framework", "laravel"],
    "license": "MIT",
    "require": {
        "php": "^8.0.2",
        "guzzlehttp/guzzle": "^7.2",
        "laravel/breeze": "1.9.2",
        "laravel/framework": "^9.19",
        "laravel/sanctum": "^3.0",
        "laravel/tinker": "^2.7",
        "laravel/ui": "^4.1"
    },
    "require-dev": {
        "fakerphp/faker": "^1.9.1",
        "laravel/pint": "^1.0",
        "laravel/sail": "^1.0.1",
        "mockery/mockery": "^1.4.4",
        "nunomaduro/collision": "^6.1",
        "phpunit/phpunit": "^9.5.10",
        "spatie/laravel-ignition": "^1.0"
    },
    "autoload": {
        "psr-4": {
            "App\\": "app/",
            "Database\\Factories\\": "database/factories/",
            "Database\\Seeders\\": "database/seeders/"
        }
    },
    "autoload-dev": {
        "psr-4": {
            "Tests\\": "tests/"
        }
    },
    "scripts": {
        "post-autoload-dump": [
            "Illuminate\\Foundation\\ComposerScripts::postAutoloadDump",
            "@php artisan package:discover --ansi"
        ],
        "post-update-cmd": [
            "@php artisan vendor:publish --tag=laravel-assets --ansi --force"
        ],
        "post-root-package-install": [
            "@php -r \"file_exists('.env') || copy('.env.example', '.env');\""
        ],
        "post-create-project-cmd": [
            "@php artisan key:generate --ansi"
        ]
    },
    "extra": {
        "laravel": {
            "dont-discover": []
        }
    },
    "config": {
        "optimize-autoloader": true,
        "preferred-install": "dist",
        "sort-packages": true,
        "allow-plugins": {
            "pestphp/pest-plugin": true
        }
    },
    "minimum-stability": "dev",
    "prefer-stable": true
}

解决方案 #

1. 必须升级Composer到2.x版本

错误根源是Composer 1.x与PHP 8.0+不兼容：PHP 8.0开始严格校验函数参数格式，而Composer 1.x的DefaultPolicy.php中使用了array_merge()不支持的命名参数调用方式，直接触发ArgumentCountError。

另外Packagist已明确停止对Composer 1.x的支持，Laravel 9+适配的laravel/breeze、laravel/ui等包也不再兼容旧版Composer，所以升级是必须的。

2. 升级Composer

执行全局升级命令：

composer self-update --2

Linux/macOS环境下如果权限不足，添加sudo：

sudo composer self-update --2

3. 重新安装认证包

先确保依赖正常：

composer install

然后根据需求选择一种方案：

• Laravel Breeze：

  composer require laravel/breeze --dev
  php artisan breeze:install
  npm install && npm run build
  php artisan migrate
  

• Laravel UI：

  composer require laravel/ui
  php artisan ui bootstrap --auth # 可替换为react/vue
  npm install && npm run build
  php artisan migrate
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user17159490