Django Rest Framework序列化器报错:JSON请求触发非空校验异常
问题分析与解决
问题场景
使用如下Django REST Framework序列化器和视图类:
class AdvanceSearchSerializer(serializers.Serializer): all_of_these_words = serializers.CharField(allow_null=True, required=False) this_exact_phase = serializers.CharField(allow_null=True, required=False) any_of_these_words = serializers.CharField(allow_null=True, required=False) class myclass(viewsets.Viewsets): serializer = AdvanceSearchSerializer(data = request.data)
通过Postman以form-data格式发送POST请求功能正常,但切换为raw JSON格式请求后,触发字段不能为空的错误:
{ "response": false, "return_code": "field_error", "result": [], "message": { "all_of_these_words": [ "This field may not be blank." ], "this_exact_phase": [ "This field may not be blank." ], "any_of_these_words": [ "This field may not be blank." ] } }
问题原因
allow_null=True仅允许字段值为null,但用JSON格式请求时,你可能传递了空字符串("")而非null,而CharField默认不允许空字符串,因此触发校验错误。
而form-data格式下,未填写的字段不会被提交到后端,序列化器将其视为不存在,符合required=False的设置,所以不会报错。
解决方法
在序列化器的CharField中添加allow_blank=True参数,同时保留allow_null=True和required=False,这样既允许字段不传递,也允许传递null或空字符串:
class AdvanceSearchSerializer(serializers.Serializer): all_of_these_words = serializers.CharField(allow_null=True, required=False, allow_blank=True) this_exact_phase = serializers.CharField(allow_null=True, required=False, allow_blank=True) any_of_these_words = serializers.CharField(allow_null=True, required=False, allow_blank=True)
内容的提问来源于stack exchange,提问作者smjadeja
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