Spacy下载en_core_web_sm模型时出现连接超时错误求助

问题详情 #

执行命令python3 -m spacy download en_core_web_sm下载en_core_web_sm模型时，出现连接超时错误，完整报错信息如下：

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 194, in _run_module_as_main
    return _run_code(code, main_globals, None,
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/runpy.py", line 87, in _run_code
    exec(code, run_globals)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/__main__.py", line 4, in <module>
    setup_cli()
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/cli/_util.py", line 71, in setup_cli
    command(prog_name=COMMAND)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1130, in __call__
    return self.main(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/typer/core.py", line 778, in main
    return _main(
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/typer/core.py", line 216, in _main
    rv = self.invoke(ctx)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1657, in invoke
    return _process_result(sub_ctx.command.invoke(sub_ctx))
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py", line 1404, in invoke
    return ctx.invoke(self.callback, **ctx.params)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/click/core.py", line 760, in invoke
    return __callback(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/typer/main.py", line 683, in wrapper
    return callback(**use_params)  # type: ignore
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/cli/download.py", line 36, in download_cli
    download(model, direct, sdist, *ctx.args)
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/cli/download.py", line 70, in download
    compatibility = get_compatibility()
  File "/home/user/.local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/spacy/cli/download.py", line 97, in get_compatibility
    r = requests.get(about.__compatibility__)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 75, in get
    return request('get', url, params=params, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/api.py", line 60, in request
    return session.request(method=method, url=url, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 533, in request
    resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/sessions.py", line 646, in send
    r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs)
  File "/usr/lib/python3/dist-packages/requests/adapters.py", line 516, in send
    raise ConnectionError(e, request=request)
requests.exceptions.ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='raw.githubusercontent.com', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /explosion/spacy-models/master/compatibility.json (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.VerifiedHTTPSConnection object at 0x7f097a06e700>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 110] Connection timed out'))

当前环境：spacy==3.4.4，Python 3.8.10

可行解决方案 #

• 直接通过pip安装匹配版本的模型：
  跳过Spacy的在线校验步骤，直接安装与Spacy版本对应的模型包。针对spacy 3.4.4，执行命令：

  pip install en-core-web-sm==3.4.1
  

  注：模型版本必须与Spacy主版本保持一致，3.4.x系列的Spacy对应3.4.x系列的模型

• 手动下载模型包后本地安装：

  1. 获取对应版本的模型tar包（如en_core_web_sm-3.4.1.tar.gz）
  2. 执行本地安装命令：

     pip install /本地路径/en_core_web_sm-3.4.1.tar.gz
     

• 配置代理（网络受限场景）：
  执行下载命令时指定代理：

  python3 -m spacy download en_core_web_sm --proxy http://你的代理地址:端口
  

  或者临时设置环境变量后再执行下载：

  export HTTP_PROXY=http://你的代理地址:端口
  export HTTPS_PROXY=http://你的代理地址:端口
  python3 -m spacy download en_core_web_sm
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者krishna