Spring Boot Kafka消费者使用Glue Schema Registry反序列化AVRO GenericRecord异常

我有一个通过Kafka Connect写入、采用Glue Schema Registry的AVRO GENERIC_RECORD格式的Topic，普通Java程序能正常消费，但在Spring Boot应用中消费时遇到困难。

配置类代码 #

@EnableKafka
@Configuration
public class KafkaAvroConsumerConfig {

    @Value("${spring.kafka.bootstrap-servers}")
    private String brokers;
    @Value("${spring.kafka.consumer.group-id}")
    private String groupId;

    // 创建监听器
    @Bean
    public ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<GenericRecord, GenericRecord> concurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory() {
        ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<GenericRecord, GenericRecord> factory = new ConcurrentKafkaListenerContainerFactory<>();
        factory.setConsumerFactory(consumerFactory());
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean
    public ConsumerFactory<GenericRecord, GenericRecord> consumerFactory() {
        return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs());
    }

    @Bean
    public Map<String, Object> consumerConfigs() {
        // 创建字符串-对象映射
        Map<String, Object> config = new HashMap<>();

        // 添加配置项
        config.put(ConsumerConfig.BOOTSTRAP_SERVERS_CONFIG, brokers);
        config.put(ConsumerConfig.GROUP_ID_CONFIG, groupId);

        config.put(ConsumerConfig.KEY_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, GlueSchemaRegistryKafkaDeserializer.class.getName());
        config.put(ConsumerConfig.VALUE_DESERIALIZER_CLASS_CONFIG, GlueSchemaRegistryKafkaDeserializer.class.getName());

        config.put(AWSSchemaRegistryConstants.AWS_REGION, region);
        config.put(AWSSchemaRegistryConstants.REGISTRY_NAME, registryName);

        config.put(AWSSchemaRegistryConstants.AVRO_RECORD_TYPE, AvroRecordType.GENERIC_RECORD.getName());
        config.put(AWSSchemaRegistryConstants.SCHEMA_NAMING_GENERATION_CLASS,
                MySchemaNamingStrategy.class.getName());

        return config;
    }
}

监听器类代码 #

@Component
public class KafkaAvroConsumer {

    @Autowired
    KafkaTemplate<GenericRecord, GenericRecord> kafkaTemplate;

    @KafkaListener(topics = "gsr1.HR.DEPARTMENTS")
    public void listenDepartment(ConsumerRecord<GenericRecord, GenericRecord> record) {

        //System.out.println("DEPARTMENTS key   schema = " + record.key().getSchema().toString());
        GenericRecord key = record.key();
        GenericRecord value = record.value();
        System.out.println("            record.key() = " + key);
        System.out.println("          record.value() = " + value);
        System.out.println("      Key  DEPARTMENT_ID = " + key.get("DEPARTMENT_ID"));
        System.out.println("         DEPARTMENT_NAME = " + (String) value.get("DEPARTMENT_NAME"));
    }

}

报错信息 #

执行GenericRecord key = record.key();时抛出类型转换异常，数据未被反序列化为GenericRecord，而是原始字节：

Caused by: java.lang.ClassCastException: class java.lang.String cannot be cast to class org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord (java.lang.String is in module java.base of loader 'bootstrap'; org.apache.avro.generic.GenericRecord is in unnamed module of loader 'app')

尝试的解决方案（未成功） #

参考Spring文档尝试另一种写法，但无法编译，因为GlueSchemaRegistryKafkaDeserializer不支持类型参数：

public ConsumerFactory<GenericRecord, GenericRecord> consumerFactory() {
    Deserializer<GenericRecord> avroDeser =  new GlueSchemaRegistryKafkaDeserializer();
    avroDeser.configure(consumerConfigs(), false);
    return new DefaultKafkaConsumerFactory<>(consumerConfigs(), avroDeser, avroDeser);
}

POM文件 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>3.0.1</version>
        <relativePath/> 
    </parent>
    <groupId>com.test</groupId>
    <artifactId>SpringBootKafkaAvro</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>SpringBootKafkaAvro</name>
    <description>Spring boot Kafka Avro using Glue Schema registry</description>
    <properties>
        <java.version>17</java.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>software.amazon.glue</groupId>
            <artifactId>schema-registry-serde</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.14</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.core</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-databind</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.fasterxml.jackson.datatype</groupId>
            <artifactId>jackson-datatype-jsr310</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.kafka</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-kafka-test</artifactId>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>

</project>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Anand K