如何在Python/Numpy中为数组元素分配字符串、排序并对应显示？

Instead of assigning variables directly to array elements (which breaks the link when sorted), use indices to keep track of which string corresponds to which value. Here's a straightforward approach:

1. Define your original array and matching string list (order must align with the array elements):

   import numpy as np
   
   P = np.array([2, 3, 1])
   strings = ["str1", "str2", "str3"]  # 2→str1, 3→str2, 1→str3
   

2. Get the indices that sort P in descending order:

   sorted_indices = np.argsort(-P)  # Returns [1, 0, 2] (positions of largest to smallest values in P)
   

3. Apply these indices to sort both the array and the string list:

   sorted_P = P[sorted_indices]  # Result: [3, 2, 1]
   sorted_strings = [strings[i] for i in sorted_indices]  # Result: ["str2", "str1", "str3"]
   

4. (Optional) Print the paired results:

   for val, s in zip(sorted_P, sorted_strings):
       print(f"{val} → {s}")
   

This method works because np.argsort(-P) gives you the original positions of elements in the sorted order. By reusing these indices for both the array and strings, you maintain the correct value-string mapping.

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Dordini Balbozhia