如何点击<li>内的<a>元素时自动关闭Modal弹窗？

我已经实现了集成Tab功能的Modal弹窗：点击黑色按钮弹出带选项列表的Modal，选择后展示对应内容。现在需要添加点击选项时Modal自动关闭的功能，以下是具体实现方法：

关键修改点 #

1. 修正HTML选项链接的标识问题 #

原HTML中选项链接使用了重复的id="modallink"（id是唯一标识符，不能重复使用），同时存在标签闭合错误，修正如下：

<!-- 修正后的选项列表 -->
<ul class="modal-ul">
  <li class="modal-li"><a class="modallink" href="#bird" onclick="openPage('dl-tabOne', this)">Click for Bird</a></li>
  <li class="modal-li"><a class="modallink" href="#animal" onclick="openPage('dl-tabTwo', this)">Click for Animal</a></li>
</ul>

2. 在Tab切换函数中添加关闭Modal的逻辑 #

在openPage函数末尾添加一行代码，完成Tab切换后立即关闭Modal：

function openPage(id, a) {
  const p = document.querySelector("[tab-name='" + id + "']");
  const tabs = document.querySelectorAll(".tabs .dl-tabcontent");
  for (var x = 0; x < tabs.length; x++)
    tabs[x].classList.add("d-none");
  if (p !== null) {
    document.querySelector(".dropbtn").innerHTML = a.innerHTML;
    p.classList.remove("d-none");
  }
  // 新增：关闭Modal弹窗
  modal.style.display = "none";
}

完整代码（修改后） #

HTML #

<!-- Trigger/Open The Modal -->
<button id="modalbtn" onclick="toggleDrop(document.querySelector('#drop'))" class="dropbtn">Open Modal</button>

<!-- The Modal -->
<div id="myModal" class="modal">

  <!-- Modal content -->
  <div class="modal-content">
    <span class="close">&times;</span>

    <div class="modal-content-inner">
      <h3 class="modal-title">Select Option</h3>

      <div id="drop" class="dropdown-content">
        <ul class="modal-ul">
          <li class="modal-li"><a class="modallink" href="#bird" onclick="openPage('dl-tabOne', this)">Click for Bird</a></li>
          <li class="modal-li"><a class="modallink" href="#animal" onclick="openPage('dl-tabTwo', this)">Click for Animal</a></li>
        </ul>
      </div>

    </div>

  </div>

</div>


<div class="tabs">
  <!-- Bird Name -->
  <div tab-name="dl-tabOne" class="dl-tabcontent">
    Parrot
  </div>

  <!-- Animal Name -->
  <div tab-name="dl-tabTwo" class="dl-tabcontent d-none">
    Lion
  </div>
</div>

CSS #

h1,
h2,
h3 {
  line-height: 1.35;
}

h1 {
  font-size: 32px;
}

h2 {
  font-size: 26px;
}

h3 {
  font-size: 22px;
}

#modalbtn {
  margin: 0 auto;
  display: block;
  text-align: center;
  background: #000;
  color: #fff;
  padding: 14px;
  cursor: pointer;
  font-weight: 700;
  border-radius: 3px;
  outline: none;
  border: 2px solid;
  font-size: 17px
}

.modal {
  display: none;
  position: fixed;
  z-index: 1;
  padding-top: 0px;
  left: 0;
  top: 0;
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  overflow: auto;
  background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.3);
  -webkit-backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
  backdrop-filter: blur(5px);
}

/* Modal Content */
.modal-content {
  background-color: #fefefe;
  margin: 50px auto 50px;
  padding: 25px 35px;
  border-radius: 12px 12px;
  box-shadow: var(--shadow);
  max-width: 500px;
}

/* The Close Button */
.close {
  color: #aaaaaa;
  font-size: 25px;
  font-weight: bold;
  float: right;
  border-radius: 50px;
  background: #e8e8ed;
  padding: 3px 10px;
}

.close:hover,
.close:focus {
  color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.72);
  text-decoration: none;
  cursor: pointer;
}

.modal-content-inner {
  height: auto;
  margin: 40px auto 10px;
  max-width: 800px;
}

.modal-title {
  margin-bottom: 10px;
}

.modal-ul {
  padding: 0;
  margin: 0 auto 0;
}

.modal-li {
  list-style-type: none;
  padding: 0;
}

.modal-li:not(:last-child) {
  border-bottom: 1px solid var(--border-color);
}

.modal-li a {
  text-decoration: none;
  color: var(--ast-global-color-2);
  padding: 17px 0;
  display: block;
  font-weight: 600;
  font-size: 17px;
}

.modal-li a:hover {
  color: var(--ast-global-color-1);
}

.d-none {
  display: none;
}

.tabs {
  max-width: 720px;
  margin: 0 auto;
}

JavaScript #

// Get the modal
var modal = document.getElementById("myModal");

// Get the button that opens the modal
var btn = document.getElementById("modalbtn");

// Get the <span> element that closes the modal
var span = document.getElementsByClassName("close")[0];

// Get the li links that will change tabs
var links = document.getElementsByClassName("modallink");

// When the user clicks the button, open the modal 
btn.onclick = function() {
  modal.style.display = "block";
}

// When the user clicks on <span> (x), close the modal
span.onclick = function() {
  modal.style.display = "none";
}

// 遍历所有选项链接，绑定点击关闭事件（可选，因为openPage里已处理）
for(let i = 0; i < links.length; i++){
  links[i].onclick = function() {
    modal.style.display = "none";
  }
}

// When the user clicks anywhere outside of the modal, close it
window.onclick = function(event) {
  if (event.target == modal) {
    modal.style.display = "none";
  }
}

setButtonInnerText(document.querySelector(".dropbtn"))

function openPage(id, a) {
  const p = document.querySelector("[tab-name='" + id + "']");
  const tabs = document.querySelectorAll(".tabs .dl-tabcontent");
  for (var x = 0; x < tabs.length; x++)
    tabs[x].classList.add("d-none");
  if (p !== null) {
    document.querySelector(".dropbtn").innerHTML = a.innerHTML;
    p.classList.remove("d-none");
  }
  // 新增：关闭Modal弹窗
  modal.style.display = "none";
}


function toggleDrop(drop) {
  drop.classList.toggle("d-none");
  drop.onclick = function(e) {
    drop.classList.add("d-none");
  }
}

function setButtonInnerText(btn) {
  const firstOption = btn.parentElement.querySelector("#drop a:first-child");
  btn.innerHTML = firstOption.innerHTML;
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Subh