Python3.9导入Prophet模块时ARM Mach-O架构兼容错误修复

运行Python 3.9编写的股票预测脚本时出现架构兼容错误，提示/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/_rust.abi3.so为Mach-O文件，但架构不兼容（现有'arm64'，需'x86_64'）。已尝试降级Python、重新安装所有依赖，问题仍未解决。

脚本代码 #

import streamlit as st
from datetime import date

import yfinance as yf
from fbprophet import Prophet
from fbprophet.plot import plot_plotly
from plotly import graph_objs as go

START = "2015-01-01"
TODAY = date.today().strftime("%Y-%m-%d")

st.title('Stock Forecast App')

stocks = ('GOOG', 'AAPL', 'MSFT', 'GME')
selected_stock = st.selectbox('Select dataset for prediction', stocks)

n_years = st.slider('Years of prediction:', 1, 4)
period = n_years * 365


@st.cache
def load_data(ticker):
    data = yf.download(ticker, START, TODAY)
    data.reset_index(inplace=True)
    return data

    
data_load_state = st.text('Loading data...')
data = load_data(selected_stock)
data_load_state.text('Loading data... done!')

st.subheader('Raw data')
st.write(data.tail())

# Plot raw data
def plot_raw_data():
    fig = go.Figure()
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=data['Date'], y=data['Open'], name="stock_open"))
    fig.add_trace(go.Scatter(x=data['Date'], y=data['Close'], name="stock_close"))
    fig.layout.update(title_text='Time Series data with Rangeslider', xaxis_rangeslider_visible=True)
    st.plotly_chart(fig)
    
plot_raw_data()

# Predict forecast with Prophet.
df_train = data[['Date','Close']]
df_train = df_train.rename(columns={"Date": "ds", "Close": "y"})

m = Prophet()
m.fit(df_train)
future = m.make_future_dataframe(periods=period)
forecast = m.predict(future)

# Show and plot forecast
st.subheader('Forecast data')
st.write(forecast.tail())
    
st.write(f'Forecast plot for {n_years} years')
fig1 = plot_plotly(m, forecast)
st.plotly_chart(fig1)

st.write("Forecast components")
fig2 = m.plot_components(forecast)
st.write(fig2)

报错堆栈 #

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/Users/srijan/Code/PP/stockpredictor3.py", line 4, in <module>
    import yfinance as yf
  File "/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/yfinance/__init__.py", line 23, in <module>
    from .ticker import Ticker
  File "/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/yfinance/ticker.py", line 29, in <module>
    from .base import TickerBase
  File "/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/yfinance/base.py", line 32, in <module>
    from .data import TickerData
  File "/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/yfinance/data.py", line 12, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import padding
  File "/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/primitives/padding.py", line 11, in <module>
    from cryptography.hazmat.bindings._rust import (
ImportError: dlopen(/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/_rust.abi3.so, 0x0002): tried: '/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/_rust.abi3.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'arm64', need 'x86_64')), '/System/Volumes/Preboot/Cryptexes/OS/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/_rust.abi3.so' (no such file), '/Users/srijan/miniforge3/envs/PersonalProject/lib/python3.9/site-packages/cryptography/hazmat/bindings/_rust.abi3.so' (mach-o file, but is an incompatible architecture (have 'arm64', need 'x86_64'))

• 确认当前终端架构：执行uname -m，输出x86_64表示终端在Rosetta 2模式运行，arm64表示原生Apple Silicon模式。
• 重新创建匹配终端架构的conda环境：
  1. 删除现有环境：conda env remove -n PersonalProject
  2. 新建对应架构的环境：
     • 若终端为x86_64：CONDA_SUBDIR=osx-64 conda create -n PersonalProject python=3.9
     • 若终端为arm64：CONDA_SUBDIR=osx-arm64 conda create -n PersonalProject python=3.9
  3. 激活环境：conda activate PersonalProject
  4. 强制设置环境子目录匹配架构：
     • x86_64终端：conda config --env --set subdir osx-64
     • arm64终端：conda config --env --set subdir osx-arm64
• 重新安装所有依赖：pip install streamlit yfinance fbprophet plotly
• 验证cryptography架构：执行file $(python -c "import cryptography; print(cryptography.__file__.replace('__init__.py', 'hazmat/bindings/_rust.abi3.so'))")，输出需与终端架构一致。

备选方案：安装无rust绑定的旧版本cryptography，避免架构冲突：pip install cryptography==3.4.8

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Srijan K.