使用Perl正则表达式提取单行文本指定数值并求和

架构老林

2026-8-5

需求说明

给定以下日志文本：

Total number of commands sent: <number_commands> : number_commands=6 Total number of Special commands sent: <number_commands> : number_commands=0 Total number of unknown commands: <number_commands> : number_commands=0 Total number of command parsing errors: <number_errors> : number_errors=1 Total number of fatal parsing errors: <number_errors> : number_errors=2
Total number of calls made to PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=0 Total number of calls made with time-out: <number_calls> : number_calls=7 Total number of calls ack by the PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=0 Total number of calls nack post-poned by the PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=5 Total number of calls nack rejected by the PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=5

需通过Perl正则表达式提取并计算三类数值总和：

tot_nack：所有包含"nack"的number_calls数值之和（示例结果：10）
tot_timeout：包含"time-out"的number_calls数值（示例结果：7）
tot_errors：所有number_errors数值之和（示例结果：3）

Perl实现代码

#!/usr/bin/perl
use strict;
use warnings;

# 读取日志文本
my $log_content = do { local $/; <DATA> };

# 初始化结果变量
my ($tot_nack, $tot_timeout, $tot_errors) = (0, 0, 0);

# 计算tot_nack：匹配所有含nack的number_calls并累加
while ($log_content =~ /calls nack .*? number_calls=(\d+)/g) {
    $tot_nack += $1;
}

# 提取tot_timeout：匹配time-out对应的number_calls
if ($log_content =~ /calls made with time-out.*? number_calls=(\d+)/) {
    $tot_timeout = $1;
}

# 计算tot_errors：匹配所有number_errors并累加
while ($log_content =~ /number_errors=(\d+)/g) {
    $tot_errors += $1;
}

# 输出结果
print "tot_nack: $tot_nack\n";
print "tot_timeout: $tot_timeout\n";
print "tot_errors: $tot_errors\n";

__DATA__
Total number of commands sent: <number_commands> : number_commands=6 Total number of Special commands sent: <number_commands> : number_commands=0 Total number of unknown commands: <number_commands> : number_commands=0 Total number of command parsing errors: <number_errors> : number_errors=1 Total number of fatal parsing errors: <number_errors> : number_errors=2
Total number of calls made to PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=0  Total number of calls made with time-out: <number_calls> : number_calls=7 Total number of calls ack by the PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=0 Total number of calls nack post-poned by the PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=5 Total number of calls nack rejected by the PROCESS1: <number_calls> : number_calls=5

代码说明

提取tot_nack：使用全局匹配/calls nack .*? number_calls=(\d+)/g，捕获每个含nack条目后的数字并累加，最终得到5+5=10
提取tot_timeout：使用单次匹配/calls made with time-out.*? number_calls=(\d+)/，直接捕获time-out对应的数字7
计算tot_errors：使用全局匹配/number_errors=(\d+)/g，捕获所有number_errors的数字并累加，得到1+2=3

运行结果

tot_nack: 10
tot_timeout: 7
tot_errors: 3

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者user3303852