如何在Eclipse(C++)中禁止或警告编辑会被覆盖的特定后缀文件？

Great question! I’ve run into this exact headache before—accidentally editing generated .cpp files only to have my changes overwritten on the next build. Let’s break down how to fix this in Eclipse C++ first, then cover the PyCharm workflow you mentioned, plus a couple other editors that handle this well.

Eclipse C++ (CDT) Solutions #

Option 1: Mark Generated Files as "Derived" #

Eclipse has a built-in flag for files that are auto-generated (and shouldn’t be edited directly). Here’s how to set it up:

• In the Project Explorer, right-click the auto-generated .cpp/.hpp files (or the entire folder containing them)
• Navigate to Properties > Resource
• Check the box labeled "Derived" and hit Apply and Close

What this does:

• The files will gray out in the explorer, making them easy to spot as non-editable sources
• If you try to open and edit a derived file, Eclipse will pop up a warning asking if you really want to proceed (a good sanity check)
• For stricter control: Go to Window > Preferences > General > Editors > File Associations, select the .cpp extension, and remove the default editor for derived files. This will prevent you from opening them entirely, though it’s a more extreme step.

Option 2: Add a Custom Builder for Warnings #

If marking files as derived isn’t enough, you can set up a custom builder that scans for edits to generated files and triggers a warning:

1. Go to Project > Properties > Builders
2. Click New and choose Program as the builder type
3. Configure it to run a simple script (Python or bash works) that checks if the generated .cpp file was modified more recently than your custom-suffix source file. If it was, the script outputs a warning to Eclipse’s Console tab.

PyCharm (and JetBrains IDEs) Workflow #

You’re right—PyCharm has excellent built-in support for this scenario:

• When you open a generated file that’s not part of your project’s primary source set, PyCharm automatically flags it as an external file and shows a prominent warning at the top of the editor: "This file is located outside the project root, and may be overwritten by external processes."
• To make this explicit:
  1. Right-click the generated files/folder in the Project view
  2. Select Mark Directory as > Generated Sources Root
  3. Now, any edits to these files will trigger an immediate warning, and PyCharm will also exclude them from version control by default (if you have VCS set up)

Other Editors with Solid Support #

VS Code #

• Install the C/C++ Extension Pack for basic C++ support
• Add your generated .cpp/.hpp files to .gitignore to avoid accidentally committing them
• Hide generated files from the explorer using the files.exclude setting in settings.json:

  "files.exclude": {
    "**/*.generated.cpp": true,
    "**/*.generated.hpp": true
  }
  

• For edit warnings: Install the Edit Warning extension, which lets you define regex patterns for files you want to trigger alerts on (e.g., match your generated file naming convention)

CLion #

• JetBrains’ C++ IDE works just like PyCharm here:
  1. Mark the generated folder as Generated Sources Root (right-click > Mark Directory as)
  2. CLion will show a warning when you edit these files, plus exclude them from code analysis and auto-completion to avoid confusion

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者dasWesen