Electron Updater在macOS下载更新后无法安装（Squirrel.Mac）

环境信息 #

• macOS版本：Ventura 13.1 / Monterey
• Electron版本：21.3.0
• Electron-builder版本：23.6.0
• Electron-updater版本：5.3.0
• Node版本：19.0.1

问题现象 #

跨平台Electron应用部署在Github，Windows端自动更新正常，macOS端存在以下问题：

1. 应用启动正常，能检测到更新并完成下载，触发update-downloaded事件
2. 用户点击「安装并重启」后，调用quitAndInstall()无任何反应，应用既不退出也不重启
3. 手动重启应用后，会再次触发更新提示，陷入循环；更新包已下载到本地但旧版本未被替换

相关代码 #

autoUpdater.checkForUpdatesAndNotify();
autoUpdater.on('update-downloaded', (info) => {
    // Show a dialog asking the user if they want to restart the app to install the update
    dialog.showMessageBox({
      type: 'question',
      buttons: ['Install and Restart', 'Later'],
      defaultId: 0,
      message: 'A new update has been downloaded. Would you like to install and restart the app now?'
    }, (response) => {
      if (response === 0) {
        // User clicked 'Install and Restart'
        autoUpdater.quitAndInstall();
      }
    });
});

更新日志（关键片段） #

[2023-01-08 11:37:05.284] [info]  Checking for update
[2023-01-08 11:37:06.789] [info]  Found version 1.0.8 (url: Duolance-Tracker-1.0.8-mac.zip, Duolance-Tracker-1.0.8.dmg)
[2023-01-08 11:37:06.791] [info]  Downloading update from Duolance-Tracker-1.0.8-mac.zip, Duolance-Tracker-1.0.8.dmg
[2023-01-08 11:37:06.796] [warn]  sysctl shell command to check for macOS Rosetta environment failed: Error: Command failed: sysctl sysctl.proc_translated
sysctl: unknown oid 'sysctl.proc_translated'

[2023-01-08 11:37:06.800] [info]  Checked 'uname -a': arm64=false
[2023-01-08 11:37:07.162] [info]  Update has already been downloaded to /Users/ardaakcabuyuk/Library/Application Support/Caches/duolancetracker-updater/pending/Duolance-Tracker-1.0.8-mac.zip).
[2023-01-08 11:37:10.983] [info]  / requested
[2023-01-08 11:37:10.988] [info]  /3cd1718f82c50e8105236129abe5fcfac9263b740235c99b2b23bc22cfd581c9d49d1e30dbbb897397f626e45c20d0fda5dc02336633b6cabf7214322e322714.zip requested
[2023-01-08 11:37:10.989] [info]  /3cd1718f82c50e8105236129abe5fcfac9263b740235c99b2b23bc22cfd581c9d49d1e30dbbb897397f626e45c20d0fda5dc02336633b6cabf7214322e322714.zip requested by Squirrel.Mac, pipe /Users/ardaakcabuyuk/Library/Application Support/Caches/duolancetracker-updater/pending/Duolance-Tracker-1.0.8-mac.zip

构建配置（mac部分） #

"mac": {
      "asarUnpack": "**/*.node",
      "category": "public.app-category.productivity",
      "target": [
        "default"
      ],
      "icon": "build/icon.icns",
      "entitlements": "build/sign/entitlements.mac.plist",
      "entitlementsInherit": "build/sign/entitlements.mac.plist",
      "hardenedRuntime": true,
      "gatekeeperAssess": false,
      "extendInfo": {
        "NSAppTransportSecurity": {
           "NSAllowsArbitraryLoads": true
         },
         "NSExceptionDomains": {
           "localhost": {
             "NSTemporaryExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPSLoads": false,
             "NSIncludesSubdomains": false,
             "NSTemporaryExceptionAllowsInsecureHTTPLoads": true,
             "NSTemporaryExceptionMinimumTLSVersion": "1.0",
             "NSTemporaryExceptionRequiresForwardSecrecy": false
           }
         }
       }
    }

已排查内容 #

• 完成应用签名与公证，确认问题与此无关
• 排除系统版本影响，Ventura 13.1和Monterey均出现相同问题

解决方案建议 #

1. 确保窗口完全关闭后再调用quitAndInstall
   macOS下如果有未关闭的窗口，可能会阻塞quitAndInstall的执行，修改代码如下：

autoUpdater.on('update-downloaded', (info) => {
    dialog.showMessageBox({
      type: 'question',
      buttons: ['Install and Restart', 'Later'],
      defaultId: 0,
      message: 'A new update has been downloaded. Would you like to install and restart the app now?'
    }, (response) => {
      if (response === 0) {
        // 关闭所有窗口
        BrowserWindow.getAllWindows().forEach(win => win.close());
        // 延迟执行，确保窗口关闭完成
        setTimeout(() => {
          autoUpdater.quitAndInstall(false, true);
        }, 1000);
      }
    });
});

注意：quitAndInstall的第二个参数设为true，强制重启应用。

2. 检查应用权限与安装路径

• 确保应用安装在/Applications目录下，而非用户目录的受限位置（比如Downloads），避免写入权限不足
• 检查entitlements文件，确保包含必要的文件操作权限，比如添加：

  <key>com.apple.security.files.user-selected.read-write</key>
  <true/>
  

3. 调整electron-updater配置

• 初始化时设置autoUpdater.allowDowngrade = false，避免版本判断逻辑出错
• 确认Github发布的asset是正确的mac构建产物（zip包而非dmg，因为electron-updater默认优先使用zip进行更新）

4. 降级/升级依赖版本

• 尝试将electron-updater降级到5.2.1，该版本修复过部分macOS更新问题
• 检查Electron与electron-builder的兼容性，Electron 21对应的electron-builder 23.x是否存在已知bug，可尝试升级到electron-builder 24.x（需确认版本兼容）

5. 手动触发更新逻辑（极端方案）
   如果上述方法无效，可尝试手动调用系统命令重启应用：

const { exec } = require('child_process');
const app = require('electron').app;

// 在用户确认更新后执行
exec(`open "${app.getPath('applications')}/Duolance Tracker.app"`, (err) => {
  if (!err) {
    app.quit();
  }
});

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Arda Akça Büyük