使用org.jvnet.ogc/gml-v_3_2_1 episode时maven-jaxb2-plugin生成代码无法编译

我在Maven构建过程中，使用maven-jaxb2-plugin为AIXM XSD生成JAXB类，该XSD依赖OGC GML 3.2.1、xlink及ISO 19139 schema。借助ogc-schemas项目的预构建绑定和episode文件，成功生成代码但编译失败，报错：

aixm.ApronElementTimeSliceType is not abstract and does not override abstract method createNewInstance() in org.jvnet.jaxb2_commons.lang.CopyTo2

该抽象方法定义在net.opengis.gml.v_3_2_1.AbstractTimeSliceType中，继承链如下：

aixm.ApronElementTimeSliceType (项目生成)
 extends aixm.AbstractAIXMTimeSliceType (项目生成)
  extends aixm.AbstractAIXMTimeSliceBaseType (项目生成)
   extends net.opengis.gml.v_3_2_1.AbstractTimeSliceType (来自org.jvnet.ogc:gml-v_3_2_1)

我需要让maven-jaxb2-plugin自动为生成的非抽象类实现createNewInstance()方法，实现逻辑为返回new CLASS_NAME_HERE()。

我的pom.xml配置 #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">

    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId><!-- SNIP --></groupId>
    <artifactId><!-- SNIP --></artifactId>
    <version><!-- SNIP --></version>

    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>19</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>19</maven.compiler.target>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
            <artifactId>jaxb-impl</artifactId>
            <version>2.3.7</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
            <artifactId>javax.persistence-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.jvnet.ogc</groupId>
            <artifactId>gml-v_3_2_1</artifactId>
            <version>2.6.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.hisrc.w3c</groupId>
            <artifactId>xlink-v_1_0</artifactId>
            <version>1.4.0</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2.maven2</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-jaxb2-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>0.15.2</version>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>fixm</id>
                        <!-- SNIP... this execution is not relevant to this question... -->
                    </execution>
                    <execution>
                        <id>aixm</id>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>generate</goal>
                        </goals>
                        <configuration>
                            <extension>true</extension>
                            <generatePackage>aixm</generatePackage>
                            <generateDirectory>${project.basedir}/src/main/generated-sources-aixm</generateDirectory>
                            <removeOldOutput>true</removeOldOutput>
                            <schemaDirectory>src/main/xsd/aixm</schemaDirectory>
                            <schemaIncludes>
                                <include>**/*.xsd</include>
                            </schemaIncludes>
                            <bindingDirectory>src/main/xjb/aixm</bindingDirectory>
                            <bindingIncludes>
                                <include>**/*.xjb</include>
                            </bindingIncludes>
                            <episodes>
                                <episode>
                                    <groupId>org.jvnet.ogc</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>gml-v_3_2_1</artifactId>
                                </episode>
                                <episode>
                                    <groupId>org.hisrc.w3c</groupId>
                                    <artifactId>xlink-v_1_0</artifactId>
                                </episode>
                            </episodes>
                        </configuration>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
                <dependencies>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>org.glassfish.jaxb</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jaxb-runtime</artifactId>
                        <version>2.3.6</version>
                    </dependency>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>com.sun.xml.bind</groupId>
                        <artifactId>jaxb-core</artifactId>
                        <version>2.3.0.1</version>
                    </dependency>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>javax.activation</groupId>
                        <artifactId>activation</artifactId>
                        <version>1.1.1</version>
                    </dependency>
                    <dependency>
                        <groupId>javax.persistence</groupId>
                        <artifactId>javax.persistence-api</artifactId>
                        <version>2.2</version>
                    </dependency>
                </dependencies>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

自定义绑定文件（解决ObjectFactory冲突） #

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>
<jaxb:bindings version="2.1" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:jaxb="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/jaxb">
    <jaxb:bindings schemaLocation="../../xsd/aixm/AIXM_Features.xsd">
        <jaxb:bindings node="/xs:schema/xs:element[@name='Curve']">
            <jaxb:factoryMethod name="CurveAixm"/>
        </jaxb:bindings>
        <jaxb:bindings node="/xs:schema/xs:element[@name='Point']">
            <jaxb:factoryMethod name="PointAixm"/>
        </jaxb:bindings>
        <jaxb:bindings node="/xs:schema/xs:element[@name='Surface']">
            <jaxb:factoryMethod name="SurfaceAixm"/>
        </jaxb:bindings>
    </jaxb:bindings>
    <jaxb:bindings schemaLocation="http://schemas.opengis.net/iso/19139/20070417/gco/gcoBase.xsd">
        <jaxb:bindings node="/xs:schema/xs:element[@name='AbstractObject']">
            <jaxb:factoryMethod name="AbstractObjectIso19139"/>
        </jaxb:bindings>
    </jaxb:bindings>
</jaxb:bindings>

这个问题的核心是ogc-schemas中的类依赖jaxb2-basics插件的CopyTo2接口，但你的生成流程未启用该插件自动实现相关方法。按以下步骤修改配置即可解决：

1. 给maven-jaxb2-plugin添加jaxb2-basics依赖
   在plugin的<dependencies>节点中新增：

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2_commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>jaxb2-basics</artifactId>
    <version>0.12.0</version>
</dependency>

2. 在aixm执行配置中启用CopyTo扩展
   在<execution id="aixm">的<configuration>里新增：

<plugins>
    <plugin>
        <groupId>org.jvnet.jaxb2_commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>jaxb2-basics</artifactId>
        <version>0.12.0</version>
    </plugin>
</plugins>
<args>
    <arg>-Xcopy-to</arg>
</args>

修改后，maven-jaxb2-plugin会自动为生成的类实现CopyTo2接口的所有方法，包括createNewInstance()，实现逻辑就是返回当前类的新实例。注意保持jaxb2-basics版本（0.12.0）与maven-jaxb2-plugin版本（0.15.2）兼容。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Joe Crivello