Apache POI Word如何消除表格、文本、段落等所有间距？

问题说明 #

使用Apache POI生成Word文档时，表格、段落及文本之间存在多余间距，需实现类似Word样式中「无间距」的效果，原测试代码如下：

public class PoiTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        XWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();

        XWPFTable table = doc.createTable();

        XWPFTableRow row1 = table.getRow(0);
        row1.getCell(0).setText("First Row, First Column");
        row1.addNewTableCell().setText("First Row, Second Column");

        row1 = table.createRow();
        row1.getCell(0).setText("Second Row, First Column");
        row1.getCell(1).setText("Second Row, Second Column");

        row1 = table.createRow();
        row1.getCell(0).setText("Third Row, First Column");
        row1.getCell(1).setText("Third Row, Second Column");

        XWPFParagraph title = doc.createParagraph();
        XWPFRun titleRun = title.createRun();
        titleRun.setText("First");

        title = doc.createParagraph();
        titleRun = title.createRun();

        titleRun.setText("Second");
        
        
        FileOutputStream out;
        
        try {

            out = new FileOutputStream("c:\\test\\test.docx");
            doc.write(out);

            System.out.println("ok!!!");
            if (out != null) {
                out.close();
            }

        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }
}

解决方案 #

要消除所有内容间距，需从表格和段落的样式设置入手：

1. 调整表格间距 #

• 设置表格单元格内边距为0，消除单元格内部空白
• 统一单元格内段落的间距，避免单元格文本出现多余空白
• 调整表格所在段落的前后间距，消除表格与上下内容的空隙

2. 调整段落间距 #

• 新建段落时设置前后间距为0
• 固定行间距，避免段落内或段落间出现多余行距

修改后的完整代码 #

import org.apache.poi.xwpf.usermodel.*;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.math.BigInteger;

public class PoiTest {

    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {

        XWPFDocument doc = new XWPFDocument();

        // 创建表格并设置基础样式
        XWPFTable table = doc.createTable();
        // 设置表格单元格内边距为0
        table.setCellMargins(0, 0, 0, 0);
        // 固定表格宽度，取消自动调整
        table.getCTTbl().addNewTblPr().addNewTblW().setType(STTblWidth.DXA);
        table.getCTTbl().getTblPr().getTblW().setW(BigInteger.valueOf(9072)); // 适配常规页面宽度，可按需调整

        // 处理第一行单元格
        XWPFTableRow row1 = table.getRow(0);
        setCellParagraphStyle(row1.getCell(0));
        row1.getCell(0).setText("First Row, First Column");
        XWPFTableCell cell2 = row1.addNewTableCell();
        setCellParagraphStyle(cell2);
        cell2.setText("First Row, Second Column");

        // 处理第二行单元格
        row1 = table.createRow();
        setCellParagraphStyle(row1.getCell(0));
        row1.getCell(0).setText("Second Row, First Column");
        setCellParagraphStyle(row1.getCell(1));
        row1.getCell(1).setText("Second Row, Second Column");

        // 处理第三行单元格
        row1 = table.createRow();
        setCellParagraphStyle(row1.getCell(0));
        row1.getCell(0).setText("Third Row, First Column");
        setCellParagraphStyle(row1.getCell(1));
        row1.getCell(1).setText("Third Row, Second Column");

        // 设置表格所在段落的无间距样式
        XWPFParagraph tablePara = doc.getParagraphArray(doc.getParagraphs().size() - 1);
        setNoSpacingParagraphStyle(tablePara);

        // 创建无间距文本段落
        XWPFParagraph title = doc.createParagraph();
        setNoSpacingParagraphStyle(title);
        XWPFRun titleRun = title.createRun();
        titleRun.setText("First");

        title = doc.createParagraph();
        setNoSpacingParagraphStyle(title);
        titleRun = title.createRun();
        titleRun.setText("Second");

        // 输出文档
        FileOutputStream out;
        try {
            out = new FileOutputStream("c:\\test\\test.docx");
            doc.write(out);
            System.out.println("ok!!!");
            if (out != null) {
                out.close();
            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

    }

    // 统一设置单元格内段落为无间距样式
    private static void setCellParagraphStyle(XWPFTableCell cell) {
        for (XWPFParagraph para : cell.getParagraphs()) {
            setNoSpacingParagraphStyle(para);
        }
    }

    // 设置段落为无间距样式
    private static void setNoSpacingParagraphStyle(XWPFParagraph para) {
        // 段落前后间距设为0
        para.setSpacingBefore(0);
        para.setSpacingAfter(0);
        // 固定行间距（240 twips = 12磅，可根据字体大小调整）
        para.setLineSpacingRule(LineSpacingRule.EXACT);
        para.setLineSpacing(240);
        // 取消首行缩进
        para.setIndentationFirstLine(0);
    }
}

关键说明 #

• setNoSpacingParagraphStyle方法统一处理段落的间距、行缩进和行间距，确保无多余空白
• setCellParagraphStyle遍历单元格内所有段落，应用无间距样式，解决单元格内部的间距问题
• 表格额外设置了固定宽度和0内边距，避免表格自身产生空白

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者keep