使用Pip安装ChatterBot时遭遇legacy-install-failure错误

错误详情 #

执行pip install ChatterBot时触发如下错误：

note: This error originates from a subprocess, and is likely not a problem with pip.
error: legacy-install-failure

Encountered error while trying to install package.

preshed

note: This is an issue with the package mentioned above, not pip.
hint: See above for output from the failure.
[end of output]

该错误源于preshed包的编译安装失败，属于legacy-install-failure类型，和pip本身无关。

可行解决步骤 #

• 安装系统编译依赖：
  • Windows：安装Microsoft Visual C++ Build Tools，勾选「Desktop development with C++」组件完成安装
  • Debian/Ubuntu系Linux：执行sudo apt-get install python3-dev build-essential
  • macOS：执行xcode-select --install安装Xcode命令行工具
• 升级pip及相关工具：

  pip install --upgrade pip setuptools wheel
  

• 指定兼容版本安装preshed后再装ChatterBot：

  pip install preshed==3.0.2
  pip install ChatterBot
  

• 若上述方法无效，可尝试用conda安装：

  conda install -c conda-forge chatterbot
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者timme