如何读取.tfvars每行内容并在Bash中导出为环境变量？

Let's break down what's going wrong here and fix it. Your current script is failing because it doesn't properly handle the whitespace around the = in your .tfvars entries, and it doesn't correctly parse key-value pairs into a format Bash accepts for environment variables (which requires KEY=VALUE with no spaces in the variable name).

Why the Error Happens #

When you run tr -d "\"" on a line like region = "us-east-2", you end up with region = us-east-2. Bash can't export this because the variable name would include spaces (and the = is treated as part of the name), leading to the invalid identifier error.

Working Solution #

Here's a robust script that properly parses simple string variables from your .tfvars file and exports them as Bash environment variables:

# Path to your .tfvars file
variables_file_2="your-file.tfvars"

while IFS= read -r line; do
    # Skip empty lines and comment lines (lines starting with #, possibly with leading spaces)
    [[ "$line" =~ ^[[:space:]]*# || -z "$line" ]] && continue

    # Extract the variable key (left of =, trimmed of whitespace)
    key=$(echo "$line" | awk -F '=' '{gsub(/^[ \t]+|[ \t]+$/, "", $1); print $1}')
    
    # Extract the value (right of =, trimmed of whitespace and surrounding quotes)
    value=$(echo "$line" | awk -F '=' '{
        $1 = ""; 
        gsub(/^[ \t]*=[ \t]*|"|\047/, "", $0); 
        gsub(/^[ \t]+|[ \t]+$/, "", $0); 
        print $0
    }')

    # Export the key-value pair as an environment variable
    export "$key=$value"
done < "$variables_file_2"

How This Works #

1. Skip Comments/Empty Lines: The script first ignores any line that's empty or starts with a comment (even with leading spaces).
2. Clean Up the Key: It extracts the variable name from the left side of the =, stripping any leading/trailing whitespace.
3. Clean Up the Value: It grabs everything to the right of the =, removes surrounding quotes (both single and double), trims extra whitespace, and removes the = itself.
4. Valid Export Format: By formatting the output as KEY=VALUE, Bash can correctly interpret and export the environment variable.

Alternative One-Liner with Awk #

If you prefer a more concise approach, you can use awk to generate and run the export commands directly:

awk '!/^[[:space:]]*(#|$)/ {
    gsub(/^[[:space:]]+|[[:space:]]+$/, "", $1);
    key = $1;
    $1 = "";
    gsub(/^[[:space:]]*=[[:space:]]*|"|\047/, "", $0);
    printf("export %s=%s\n", key, $0);
}' "$variables_file_2" | bash

Important Notes #

• This solution works for simple string variables in .tfvars. If your file has complex types like lists (regions = ["us-east-1", "us-west-2"]) or maps (tags = { Name = "my-instance" }), Bash can't natively handle these as environment variables—you'd need additional parsing logic to convert them into a Bash-compatible format (like JSON strings, for example).
• If your variable values contain special characters (like $, !, or spaces), you'll need to quote the value when exporting. Modify the export line to:

  export "$key=\"$value\""
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者deagleshot