Windows11下WSL Ubuntu子系统pip安装flask-sqlalchemy失败求助

在Windows 11的Ubuntu子系统（WSL）虚拟环境中执行命令：

pip install flask-sqlalchemy

出现以下网络相关错误：

WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=4, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7ff5c27dff10>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Temporary failure in name resolution')': /simple/flask-sqlalchemy/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=3, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7ff5c2620280>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Temporary failure in name resolution')': /simple/flask-sqlalchemy/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=2, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7ff5c2620520>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Temporary failure in name resolution')': /simple/flask-sqlalchemy/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=1, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7ff5c26206d0>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Temporary failure in name resolution')': /simple/flask-sqlalchemy/
WARNING: Retrying (Retry(total=0, connect=None, read=None, redirect=None, status=None)) after connection broken by 'NewConnectionError('<pip._vendor.urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7ff5c2620880>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno -3] Temporary failure in name resolution')': /simple/flask-sqlalchemy/
ERROR: Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement flask-sqlalchemy (from versions: none)
ERROR: No matching distribution found for flask-sqlalchemy  

该操作在独立Linux系统中可正常执行，判断问题与WSL网络连接有关。

• 修复WSL DNS配置

  1. 编辑DNS配置文件：

     sudo nano /etc/resolv.conf
     

  2. 将原有的nameserver替换为公共DNS，比如：

     nameserver 8.8.8.8
     nameserver 114.114.114.114
     

  3. 保存退出后，执行以下命令锁定文件防止WSL自动重置：

     sudo chattr +i /etc/resolv.conf
     

• 切换pip至国内镜像源

  • 临时使用国内源安装：

    pip install flask-sqlalchemy -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
    

  • 配置永久国内源：
    1. 创建pip配置目录及文件：

       mkdir -p ~/.pip && nano ~/.pip/pip.conf
       

    2. 写入以下内容并保存：

       [global]
       index-url = https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple
       

• 重启WSL服务
  在Windows的命令提示符（CMD）或PowerShell中执行：

  wsl --shutdown
  

  之后重新打开WSL终端，再尝试安装命令。

• 检查WSL版本与网络模式

  1. 确保使用WSL 2版本（若当前是WSL 1，可执行升级命令）：

     wsl --set-version Ubuntu 2
     

  2. 若仍有问题，尝试重置Windows网络组件后重启电脑：

     netsh winsock reset
     netsh int ip reset all
     netsh winhttp reset proxy
     ipconfig /flushdns
     

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者DarekD