调用指定API时出现ConnectionError请求超时问题求助

It looks like you’re hitting a connection timeout when trying to access the Brazilian Civil Registry’s transparency API. Let’s break down the issue and walk through practical fixes to get you back on track.

Your Code: #

import requests
import json
from json.decoder import JSONDecodeError

session = requests.Session()
session.headers.update({'User-Agent': 'Custom user agent'})

resposta_estados = session.get('https://transparencia.registrocivil.org.br/api/record/birth')
resposta_estados = resposta_estados.json()

Error Message: #

ConnectionError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='transparencia.registrocivil.org.br', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /api/record/birth (Caused by NewConnectionError('<urllib3.connection.HTTPSConnection object at 0x7f7df8142220>: Failed to establish a new connection: [Errno 60] Operation timed out'))

Possible Fixes: #

• Check if the API endpoint is reachable: First, try visiting https://transparencia.registrocivil.org.br/api/record/birth in your browser. If it doesn’t load, the API might be down or unreachable from your network.
• Adjust request timeout: The default timeout in requests is pretty short. Add a longer timeout parameter to give the server more time to respond:

  resposta_estados = session.get('https://transparencia.registrocivil.org.br/api/record/birth', timeout=30)  # 30 seconds
  

• Use a standard User-Agent: Some APIs block non-standard or generic User-Agents. Swap yours for a browser-like string:

  session.headers.update({'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/114.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'})
  

• Check network restrictions: If you’re behind a corporate firewall or proxy, it might be blocking outgoing requests to this domain. You may need to configure proxy settings in your requests session or check with your network admin.
• Test rate limits: Even timeouts can sometimes stem from hitting rate limits. Wait a few minutes and try again with a single request to rule this out.
• Simplify your request: Try a basic requests.get without the Session object first to isolate if the issue is with session setup:

  import requests
  response = requests.get('https://transparencia.registrocivil.org.br/api/record/birth', timeout=30, headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 ...'})
  print(response.status_code)
  

Modified Code Example: #

Here’s a version incorporating timeout, standard User-Agent, and error handling to make debugging easier:

import requests
import json
from json.decoder import JSONDecodeError

session = requests.Session()
# Use a browser-like User-Agent
session.headers.update({'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/114.0.0.0 Safari/537.36'})

try:
    resposta_estados = session.get('https://transparencia.registrocivil.org.br/api/record/birth', timeout=30)
    resposta_estados.raise_for_status()  # Triggers error for bad HTTP status codes
    data = resposta_estados.json()
    print(data)
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as e:
    print(f"Connection failed: {e}")
except requests.exceptions.Timeout as e:
    print(f"Request took too long: {e}")
except JSONDecodeError as e:
    print(f"Failed to parse response as JSON: {e}")
except Exception as e:
    print(f"Unexpected error: {e}")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lucas Thaynan