Swift中如何获取.xib自定义单元格内UIPickerView的选中值

针对你作为Swift新手遇到的问题，我们通过数据绑定+回调闭包的方式实现获取每个单元格PickerView的选中值，以下是分步修改方案：

步骤1：更新Menu结构体，添加选中值存储属性 #

给Menu新增一个属性，专门保存对应单元格PickerView的选中值，后续所有操作都基于这个数据源同步。

import UIKit

struct Menu{
    var nameMenu : String
    var priceMenu : Int
    var pickerData : [String] // 修正拼写为规范的pickerData
    var selectedQuantity: String = "0" // 新增：存储当前选中的数量，默认值0
}

同时更新MenuWeekViewController里的初始化数组，把pickerDada改成pickerData：

var menus : [Menu] = [
    Menu(nameMenu: "BBQ", priceMenu: 8, pickerData: ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"]),
    Menu(nameMenu: "BBQ2", priceMenu: 8, pickerData: ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"]),
    Menu(nameMenu: "BBQ3", priceMenu: 8, pickerData: ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"]),
    Menu(nameMenu: "BBQ4", priceMenu: 8, pickerData: ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"]),
    Menu(nameMenu: "BBQ4", priceMenu: 8, pickerData: ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"]),
    Menu(nameMenu: "BBQ4", priceMenu: 8, pickerData: ["0","1","2","3","4","5","6","7","8","9","10"]),
]

步骤2：修改FoodTableViewCell，添加回调闭包关联外部数据 #

让Cell不再硬编码Picker数据，而是接收外部传入的pickerData，同时通过闭包把选中值传递给ViewController：

import UIKit

class FoodTableViewCell: UITableViewCell,UIPickerViewDelegate, UIPickerViewDataSource  {
   
    // 接收外部传入的Picker选项数据，更新时自动刷新Picker
    var pickerData: [String] = [] {
        didSet {
            quantityMenu.reloadAllComponents()
        }
    }
    // 新增：回调闭包，选中Picker时通知外部更新数据
    var onQuantitySelected: ((String) -> Void)?
    
    @IBOutlet weak var quantityMenu: UIPickerView!
    @IBOutlet weak var priceMenu: UILabel!
    @IBOutlet weak var menuName: UILabel!
    
    override func awakeFromNib() {
        super.awakeFromNib()
        quantityMenu.dataSource = self
        quantityMenu.delegate = self
        quantityMenu.setValue(UIColor.white, forKey: "textColor")
    }

    override func setSelected(_ selected: Bool, animated: Bool) {
        super.setSelected(selected, animated: animated)
    }
    
    func numberOfComponents(in pickerView: UIPickerView) -> Int {
        return 1
    }
    
    func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, numberOfRowsInComponent component: Int) -> Int {
        return pickerData.count // 不再固定11，改用传入的数据长度
    }
    
    func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, titleForRow row: Int, forComponent component: Int) -> String? {
          return pickerData[row]
      }
    
    func pickerView(_ pickerView: UIPickerView, didSelectRow row: Int, inComponent component: Int)
       {
           let selectedValue = pickerData[row]
           print(selectedValue)
           // 调用闭包，把选中值传递给ViewController
           onQuantitySelected?(selectedValue)
        }
    
    // 新增：设置Picker默认选中行，与Menu的选中值同步
    func setSelectedQuantity(_ quantity: String) {
        if let index = pickerData.firstIndex(of: quantity) {
            quantityMenu.selectRow(index, inComponent: 0, animated: false)
        }
    }
}

步骤3：在MenuWeekViewController中绑定Cell与Menu数据 #

在创建Cell时，将对应Menu的数据传递给Cell，并绑定回调闭包更新Menu的选中值：

func tableView(_ tableView: UITableView, cellForRowAt indexPath: IndexPath) -> UITableViewCell {
    let cell = tableView.dequeueReusableCell(withIdentifier: "ReusableMenuCell", for: indexPath) as! FoodTableViewCell
    let currentMenu = menus[indexPath.row]
    
    cell.menuName?.text = currentMenu.nameMenu
    cell.priceMenu?.text = "\(currentMenu.priceMenu) CHF"
    // 传递Picker数据给Cell
    cell.pickerData = currentMenu.pickerData
    // 设置Picker默认选中值
    cell.setSelectedQuantity(currentMenu.selectedQuantity)
    // 绑定回调，更新Menu的选中值
    cell.onQuantitySelected = { [weak self] selectedValue in
        guard let self = self else { return }
        self.menus[indexPath.row].selectedQuantity = selectedValue
    }
    
    return cell
}

步骤4：获取所有单元格的选中值 #

在需要使用选中值的地方（比如sendOrder按钮点击事件），直接遍历menus数组即可拿到每个Menu的选中数量：

@IBAction func sendOrder(_ sender: UIButton) {
    // 遍历所有Menu，输出名称和对应选中数量
    for menu in menus {
        print("\(menu.nameMenu) 选中数量：\(menu.selectedQuantity)")
    }
    // 此处可将选中值发送到服务器或做其他业务处理
}

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Alex97