Visual Studio 2017下Cordova iOS远程构建失败求助：缺失appAsTgz.tgz文件

问题描述 #

已耗时一周完成基于SDK 32的Android版本构建，但iOS远程构建持续报错，卡在找不到临时文件C:\Users\myuser\AppData\Local\Temp\appAsTgz.tgz的问题，无法继续推进。

环境配置 #

• Windows 10 - Visual Studio 2017 Professional v15.9.51
• SDK Build Tool：32.0.0
• Cordova 11.1.0，android 10.1.2，ios 6.2.0
• Node.js：14.17.3（曾尝试13.14.0、18.13.0 LTS）
• npm：9.1.2（曾尝试6.14.13、7.7.6、8.1.0）
• Java：11.0.17
• 远程构建Mac：Ventura 13系统、Xcode 14.2，网络可访问，此前长期正常运行

报错日志 #

D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018: The "VsTac" task failed unexpectedly.
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018: System.IO.FileNotFoundException: Could not find file 'C:\Users\myuser\AppData\Local\Temp\appAsTgz.tgz'.
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018: File name: 'C:\Users\myuser\AppData\Local\Temp\appAsTgz.tgz'
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath)
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at System.IO.FileStream.Init(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, Int32 rights, Boolean useRights, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, FileOptions options, SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES secAttrs, String msgPath, Boolean bFromProxy, Boolean useLongPath, Boolean checkHost)
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at System.IO.FileStream..ctor(String path, FileMode mode, FileAccess access, FileShare share, Int32 bufferSize, FileOptions options, String msgPath, Boolean bFromProxy)
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at System.IO.FileStream..ctor(String path, FileMode mode)
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.MultiDeviceHybridApps.MdaBuildTasks.RemoteBuild.AppAsTgzStream(String changeTimeFile, JObject lastChangeTimesMap)
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.MultiDeviceHybridApps.MdaBuildTasks.RemoteBuild.Build()
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.MultiDeviceHybridApps.MdaBuildTasks.VsTac.BuildPlatform()
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.VisualStudio.MultiDeviceHybridApps.MdaBuildTasks.VsTac.Execute()
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.TaskExecutionHost.Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.ITaskExecutionHost.Execute()
D:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Professional\MSBuild\Microsoft\VisualStudio\v15.0\ApacheCordovaTools\vs-mda-targets\Microsoft.MDA.FileMirroring.targets(256,5): error MSB4018:    at Microsoft.Build.BackEnd.TaskBuilder.<ExecuteInstantiatedTask>d__26.MoveNext()
    0 Warning(s)
    1 Error(s)

Time Elapsed 00:00:02.41
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
========== Deploy: 0 succeeded, 0 failed, 0 skipped ==========

解决方案与配置建议 #

1. 清理临时文件与重建项目缓存 #

• 手动删除C:\Users\myuser\AppData\Local\Temp下所有Cordova/Visual Studio相关临时文件，避免残留缓存干扰
• 在项目根目录执行命令重建iOS平台：

  cordova clean ios
  cordova platform remove ios
  cordova platform add ios@6.2.0
  

• 重启Visual Studio后重新发起构建

2. 检查临时目录权限与安全软件拦截 #

• 确认当前Windows用户对C:\Users\myuser\AppData\Local\Temp目录拥有完全控制权限：右键目录→属性→安全→编辑，添加用户并勾选所有权限
• 临时关闭杀毒软件、防火墙的实时监控功能，防止其拦截VS生成临时tgz文件的操作

3. 调整VS远程构建设置 #

• 打开Visual Studio，依次进入工具 > 选项 > Apache Cordova工具 > 远程代理，勾选「禁用增量构建」，强制重新打包整个项目
• 登录远程Mac，清理Cordova缓存目录~/Library/Caches/com.microsoft.visualstudio.macroservice，然后重启远程构建服务

4. 锁定兼容的Node/npm版本 #

• 尽管已尝试多个版本，建议锁定Node.js 14.x LTS + npm 6.x的组合，Cordova 11.x与该版本兼容性更稳定
• 重新安装Cordova iOS平台确保版本匹配：

  npm uninstall -g cordova-ios
  npm install -g cordova-ios@6.2.0
  

5. 绕过VS工具，直接用Cordova命令行构建 #

• 在Windows项目目录下，直接通过Cordova命令连接远程Mac执行构建，避免VS的VsTac工具出现问题：

  cordova build ios --device --buildConfig=build.json
  

  （需提前在build.json中配置远程Mac的IP、用户名、密码等信息）

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者PaulTaggert