如何在Postman或浏览器中测试接收对象参数的POST请求API

问题说明 #

我正在用Postman和浏览器测试Rest API，不清楚如何正确测试接收对象作为参数的POST方法。代码本身没问题（属于Hyperskill项目，已通过所有测试），但测试环节出现异常。

预期测试场景 #

1. 首次发送请求体：

{
    "row": 3,
    "column": 4
}

响应体应返回：

{
    "row": 3,
    "column": 4
}

2. 重复发送相同请求体时，响应体返回错误：

{
    "error": "The ticket has been already purchased!"
}

实际测试异常 #

• 用浏览器访问 http://localhost:28852/purchase?row=3&column=4，得到405 Method Not Allowed的白标错误页；
• Postman测试也出现异常。

Java代码实现 #

Main类 #

@SpringBootApplication
public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(Main.class, args);
    }
}

SeatController类 #

@RestController
public class SeatController {
    public SeatController() {}
        private ScreenRoom screenRoom = new ScreenRoom(9, 9);
        @GetMapping("/seats")
        public ScreenRoom getSeat(){
            return screenRoom;
        }

    @PostMapping("/purchase")
    public synchronized ResponseEntity<?> postSeat(@RequestBody Seat seat){
        if (seat.getRow() < 1 || seat.getRow() > 9 || seat.getColumn() < 1 || seat.getColumn() > 9) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(Map.of("error", "The number of a row or a column is out of bounds!"), HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
        }
        if (screenRoom.getAvailable_seats().contains(seat)) {
            screenRoom.removeFromAvailableSeats(seat);
            return new ResponseEntity<>(seat, HttpStatus.OK);
        } else {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(Map.of("error", "The ticket has been already purchased!"), HttpStatus.BAD_REQUEST);
        }
    }
}

ScreenRoom类 #

public class ScreenRoom {
    private int total_rows;
    private int total_columns;
    private List<Seat> available_seats = new ArrayList<>();

    public ScreenRoom(int total_rows, int total_columns) {
        this.total_rows = total_rows;
        this.total_columns = total_columns;

        for (int i = 1; i <= total_rows; i++) {
            for (int j = 1; j <= total_columns; j++) {
                available_seats.add(new Seat(i, j));
            }
        }
    }
    public int getTotal_rows() {
        return total_rows;
    }
    public void setTotal_rows(int total_rows) {
        this.total_rows = total_rows;
    }
    public int getTotal_columns() {
        return total_columns;
    }
    public void setTotal_columns(int total_columns) {
        this.total_columns = total_columns;
    }
    public List<Seat> getAvailable_seats() {
        return available_seats;
    }
    public void setAvailable_seats(List<Seat> available_seats) {
        this.available_seats = available_seats;
    }
    public void removeFromAvailableSeats(Seat seat) {
        this.available_seats.remove(seat);
    }
    public void getSeat(Seat seat) {
        this.available_seats.get(this.available_seats.indexOf(seat));
    }
}

Seat类 #

public class Seat {
    private int row;
    private int column;
    public Seat(int row, int column) {
        this.row = row;
        this.column = column;
    }
    public int getRow() {
        return row;
    }
    public void setRow(int row) {
        this.row = row;
    }
    public int getColumn() {
        return column;
    }
    public void setColumn(int column) {
        this.column = column;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean equals(Object o) {
        if (this == o) return true;
        if (o == null || getClass() != o.getClass()) return false;

        Seat seat = (Seat) o;
        if (row != seat.row) return false;
        return column == seat.column;
    }
}

疑问 #

请问我在测试过程中具体哪里出错了？感谢解答。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Michal