ASP Core添加WCF Service遇WSDL导入错误及XML生成求助

一、WSDL导入错误详情 #

添加WCF Service时触发以下错误：

"Cannot import wsdl:port
Detail: There was an error importing a wsdl:binding that the wsdl:port is dependent on.
XPath to wsdl:binding: //wsdl:definitions[@targetNamespace=':binding[@name='AAResWebServicesHttpBinding']"

我们的需求是生成指定格式的SOAP请求XML，示例如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<soap:Envelope xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
   <soap:Header>
      <wsse:Security xmlns:wsse="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd" soap:mustUnderstand="1">
         <wsse:UsernameToken xmlns:wsu="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd" wsu:Id="XXXX">
            <wsse:Username>XXX</wsse:Username>
            <wsse:Password Type="http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText">XXXX</wsse:Password>
         </wsse:UsernameToken>
      </wsse:Security>
   </soap:Header>
   <soap:Body xmlns:ns1="http://www.opentravel.org/OTA/2003/05">
      <ns1:OTA_AirAvailRQ EchoToken="11868765275150-1300257933" PrimaryLangID="en-us" SequenceNmbr="1" TimeStamp="2012-08-27T03:00:23" Version="20061.00" Target="TEST">
         <ns1:POS>
            <ns1:Source TerminalID="XXXX">
               <ns1:RequestorID ID="XXXX" Type="XXXX" />
               <ns1:BookingChannel Type="12" />
            </ns1:Source>
         </ns1:POS>
         <ns1:OriginDestinationInformation>
            <ns1:DepartureDateTime WindowAfter="P1D" WindowBefore="P1D">2023-01-20T10:00:00</ns1:DepartureDateTime>
            <ns1:OriginLocation LocationCode="BOM" />
            <ns1:DestinationLocation LocationCode="SHJ" />
         </ns1:OriginDestinationInformation>
         <ns1:OriginDestinationInformation>
            <ns1:DepartureDateTime WindowAfter="P1D" WindowBefore="P1D">2023-01-25T10:00:00</ns1:DepartureDateTime>
            <ns1:OriginLocation LocationCode="SHJ" />
            <ns1:DestinationLocation LocationCode="BOM" />
         </ns1:OriginDestinationInformation>
         <ns1:TravelerInfoSummary>
            <ns1:AirTravelerAvail>
               <ns1:PassengerTypeQuantity Code="ADT" Quantity="3" />
               <ns1:PassengerTypeQuantity Code="CHD" Quantity="1" />
            </ns1:AirTravelerAvail>
         </ns1:TravelerInfoSummary>
      </ns1:OTA_AirAvailRQ>
   </soap:Body>
</soap:Envelope>

二、直接生成XML的错误 #

跳过WSDL引用手动生成XML时，收到服务端错误：

WSS4JInHandler: Request does not contain required Security header

排查确认需要添加WSSE安全头，但资料显示需先导入WSDL才能配置该头。

解决方案 #

方案1：修复WSDL导入错误 #

• 补全WSDL命名空间：错误信息里的@targetNamespace='明显缺失内容，大概率是WSDL文件在保存/传输时丢失了命名空间值，手动打开WSDL文件，找到definitions节点的targetNamespace属性，补全正确的命名空间后重新导入。
• 用SvcUtil手动生成代理：避开VS自动导入的问题，打开开发者命令提示符执行以下命令，生成代理类和配置文件：

  svcutil.exe /language:C# /out:AirAvailService.cs /config:App.config 你的WSDL地址或本地路径
  

  把生成的AirAvailService.cs加入项目，手动修改App.config里的绑定配置，添加WSSE安全验证相关参数。
• 检查绑定兼容性：ASP Core对WCF旧绑定支持有限，确认WSDL里的AAResWebServicesHttpBinding是否为标准WSHttpBinding，如果是自定义绑定，需在代码里手动配置绑定的安全模式、消息版本等参数。

方案2：手动生成符合要求的XML #

如果不想依赖WSDL代理，直接用C#构造完整的SOAP请求XML，包含WSSE安全头：

using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using System;
using System.IO;

public string GenerateAirAvailRequest(string username, string password, string requestorId, string terminalId)
{
    // 定义所有需要的命名空间
    XNamespace soapNs = "http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/";
    XNamespace wsseNs = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-secext-1.0.xsd";
    XNamespace wsuNs = "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-wssecurity-utility-1.0.xsd";
    XNamespace otaNs = "http://www.opentravel.org/OTA/2003/05";

    // 构造WSSE安全头
    var securityHeader = new XElement(wsseNs + "Security",
        new XAttribute(soapNs + "mustUnderstand", "1"),
        new XElement(wsseNs + "UsernameToken",
            new XAttribute(wsuNs + "Id", $"UsernameToken-{Guid.NewGuid()}"),
            new XElement(wsseNs + "Username", username),
            new XElement(wsseNs + "Password",
                new XAttribute("Type", "http://docs.oasis-open.org/wss/2004/01/oasis-200401-wss-username-token-profile-1.0#PasswordText"),
                password)));

    // 构造OTA请求体
    var otaBody = new XElement(otaNs + "OTA_AirAvailRQ",
        new XAttribute("EchoToken", Guid.NewGuid().ToString()),
        new XAttribute("PrimaryLangID", "en-us"),
        new XAttribute("SequenceNmbr", "1"),
        new XAttribute("TimeStamp", DateTime.UtcNow.ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss")),
        new XAttribute("Version", "20061.00"),
        new XAttribute("Target", "TEST"),
        new XElement(otaNs + "POS",
            new XElement(otaNs + "Source",
                new XAttribute("TerminalID", terminalId),
                new XElement(otaNs + "RequestorID", new XAttribute("ID", requestorId), new XAttribute("Type", "1")),
                new XElement(otaNs + "BookingChannel", new XAttribute("Type", "12")))),
        new XElement(otaNs + "OriginDestinationInformation",
            new XElement(otaNs + "DepartureDateTime", new XAttribute("WindowAfter", "P1D"), new XAttribute("WindowBefore", "P1D"), "2023-01-20T10:00:00"),
            new XElement(otaNs + "OriginLocation", new XAttribute("LocationCode", "BOM")),
            new XElement(otaNs + "DestinationLocation", new XAttribute("LocationCode", "SHJ"))),
        new XElement(otaNs + "OriginDestinationInformation",
            new XElement(otaNs + "DepartureDateTime", new XAttribute("WindowAfter", "P1D"), new XAttribute("WindowBefore", "P1D"), "2023-01-25T10:00:00"),
            new XElement(otaNs + "OriginLocation", new XAttribute("LocationCode", "SHJ")),
            new XElement(otaNs + "DestinationLocation", new XAttribute("LocationCode", "BOM"))),
        new XElement(otaNs + "TravelerInfoSummary",
            new XElement(otaNs + "AirTravelerAvail",
                new XElement(otaNs + "PassengerTypeQuantity", new XAttribute("Code", "ADT"), new XAttribute("Quantity", "3")),
                new XElement(otaNs + "PassengerTypeQuantity", new XAttribute("Code", "CHD"), new XAttribute("Quantity", "1")))));

    // 组装完整SOAP信封
    var envelope = new XElement(soapNs + "Envelope",
        new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "soap", soapNs),
        new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "xsd", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"),
        new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "xsi", "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"),
        new XElement(soapNs + "Header", securityHeader),
        new XElement(soapNs + "Body", new XAttribute(XNamespace.Xmlns + "ns1", otaNs), otaBody));

    // 生成格式化的XML字符串
    using var stringWriter = new StringWriter();
    using var xmlWriter = XmlWriter.Create(stringWriter, new XmlWriterSettings { Indent = true, OmitXmlDeclaration = false });
    envelope.WriteTo(xmlWriter);
    xmlWriter.Flush();
    return stringWriter.ToString();
}

调用这个方法就能生成符合要求的XML，发送请求时设置Content-Type为text/xml; charset=utf-8即可，无需依赖WSDL代理。

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Yousif