如何在Astro中加载client-only React组件前显示加载动画或骨架屏？

下面提供三种实用方案，帮你在React组件加载完成前显示自定义Spinner或骨架屏：

方案一：React组件内部控制加载状态 #

给目标组件套一层包装组件，通过状态切换显示Spinner和实际组件：

1. 创建包装组件 ToolsDescriptionWrapper.jsx

import { useState, useEffect } from 'react';
import ToolsDescription from './ToolsDescription';

export default function ToolsDescriptionWrapper() {
  const [isLoading, setIsLoading] = useState(true);

  useEffect(() => {
    // 组件挂载完成后隐藏加载动画
    setIsLoading(false);
  }, []);

  if (isLoading) {
    return (
      <div role="status" className="flex items-center justify-center py-12">
        <svg aria-hidden="true" className="w-8 h-8 mr-2 text-gray-200 animate-spin dark:text-gray-600 fill-blue-600" viewBox="0 0 100 101" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
          <path d="M100 50.5908C100 78.2051 77.6142 100.591 50 100.591C22.3858 100.591 0 78.2051 0 50.5908C0 22.9766 22.3858 0.59082 50 0.59082C77.6142 0.59082 100 22.9766 100 50.5908ZM9.08144 50.5908C9.08144 73.1895 27.4013 91.5094 50 91.5094C72.5987 91.5094 90.9186 73.1895 90.9186 50.5908C90.9186 27.9921 72.5987 9.67226 50 9.67226C27.4013 9.67226 9.08144 27.9921 9.08144 50.5908Z" fill="currentColor"/>
          <path d="M93.9676 39.0409C96.393 38.4038 97.8624 35.9116 97.0079 33.5539C95.2932 28.8227 92.871 24.3692 89.8167 20.348C85.8452 15.1192 80.8826 10.7238 75.2124 7.41289C69.5422 4.10194 63.2754 1.94025 56.7698 1.05124C51.7666 0.367541 46.6976 0.446843 41.7345 1.27873C39.2613 1.69328 37.813 4.19778 38.4501 6.62326C39.0873 9.04874 41.5694 10.4717 44.0505 10.1071C47.8511 9.54855 51.7191 9.52689 55.5402 10.0491C60.8642 10.7766 65.9928 12.5457 70.6331 15.2552C75.2735 17.9648 79.3347 21.5619 82.5849 25.841C84.9175 28.9121 86.7997 32.2913 88.1811 35.8758C89.083 38.2158 91.5421 39.6781 93.9676 39.0409Z" fill="currentFill"/>
        </svg>
        <span className="sr-only">Loading...</span>
      </div>
    );
  }

  return <ToolsDescription />;
}

2. 在Astro页面中引入包装组件

<ToolsDescriptionWrapper client:load />

方案二：利用React Suspense组件 #

如果你的组件支持懒加载，可以用Suspense指定加载 fallback：

1. 创建懒加载组件文件 ToolsDescriptionLazy.jsx

import { lazy, Suspense } from 'react';

const ToolsDescription = lazy(() => import('./ToolsDescription'));

export default function ToolsDescriptionLazy() {
  return (
    <Suspense fallback={
      <div role="status" className="flex items-center justify-center py-12">
        <svg aria-hidden="true" className="w-8 h-8 mr-2 text-gray-200 animate-spin dark:text-gray-600 fill-blue-600" viewBox="0 0 100 101" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
          <path d="M100 50.5908C100 78.2051 77.6142 100.591 50 100.591C22.3858 100.591 0 78.2051 0 50.5908C0 22.9766 22.3858 0.59082 50 0.59082C77.6142 0.59082 100 22.9766 100 50.5908ZM9.08144 50.5908C9.08144 73.1895 27.4013 91.5094 50 91.5094C72.5987 91.5094 90.9186 73.1895 90.9186 50.5908C90.9186 27.9921 72.5987 9.67226 50 9.67226C27.4013 9.67226 9.08144 27.9921 9.08144 50.5908Z" fill="currentColor"/>
          <path d="M93.9676 39.0409C96.393 38.4038 97.8624 35.9116 97.0079 33.5539C95.2932 28.8227 92.871 24.3692 89.8167 20.348C85.8452 15.1192 80.8826 10.7238 75.2124 7.41289C69.5422 4.10194 63.2754 1.94025 56.7698 1.05124C51.7666 0.367541 46.6976 0.446843 41.7345 1.27873C39.2613 1.69328 37.813 4.19778 38.4501 6.62326C39.0873 9.04874 41.5694 10.4717 44.0505 10.1071C47.8511 9.54855 51.7191 9.52689 55.5402 10.0491C60.8642 10.7766 65.9928 12.5457 70.6331 15.2552C75.2735 17.9648 79.3347 21.5619 82.5849 25.841C84.9175 28.9121 86.7997 32.2913 88.1811 35.8758C89.083 38.2158 91.5421 39.6781 93.9676 39.0409Z" fill="currentFill"/>
        </svg>
        <span className="sr-only">Loading...</span>
      </div>
    }>
      <ToolsDescription />
    </Suspense>
  );
}

2. 在Astro页面中引入

<ToolsDescriptionLazy client:load />

方案三：Astro原生判断客户端状态 #

直接在Astro页面中通过Astro.isClient变量切换显示内容：

---
import ToolsDescription from '../components/ToolsDescription';
---

{!Astro.isClient ? (
  <div role="status" className="flex items-center justify-center py-12">
    <svg aria-hidden="true" className="w-8 h-8 mr-2 text-gray-200 animate-spin dark:text-gray-600 fill-blue-600" viewBox="0 0 100 101" fill="none" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">
      <path d="M100 50.5908C100 78.2051 77.6142 100.591 50 100.591C22.3858 100.591 0 78.2051 0 50.5908C0 22.9766 22.3858 0.59082 50 0.59082C77.6142 0.59082 100 22.9766 100 50.5908ZM9.08144 50.5908C9.08144 73.1895 27.4013 91.5094 50 91.5094C72.5987 91.5094 90.9186 73.1895 90.9186 50.5908C90.9186 27.9921 72.5987 9.67226 50 9.67226C27.4013 9.67226 9.08144 27.9921 9.08144 50.5908Z" fill="currentColor"/>
      <path d="M93.9676 39.0409C96.393 38.4038 97.8624 35.9116 97.0079 33.5539C95.2932 28.8227 92.871 24.3692 89.8167 20.348C85.8452 15.1192 80.8826 10.7238 75.2124 7.41289C69.5422 4.10194 63.2754 1.94025 56.7698 1.05124C51.7666 0.367541 46.6976 0.446843 41.7345 1.27873C39.2613 1.69328 37.813 4.19778 38.4501 6.62326C39.0873 9.04874 41.5694 10.4717 44.0505 10.1071C47.8511 9.54855 51.7191 9.52689 55.5402 10.0491C60.8642 10.7766 65.9928 12.5457 70.6331 15.2552C75.2735 17.9648 79.3347 21.5619 82.5849 25.841C84.9175 28.9121 86.7997 32.2913 88.1811 35.8758C89.083 38.2158 91.5421 39.6781 93.9676 39.0409Z" fill="currentFill"/>
    </svg>
    <span className="sr-only">Loading...</span>
  </div>
) : (
  <ToolsDescription client:load />
)}

替换为骨架屏 #

如果想用骨架屏代替Spinner，只需要把上面代码中的Spinner部分替换为骨架屏结构即可，示例：

<div className="animate-pulse p-4">
  <div className="h-16 bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded w-full mb-4"></div>
  <div className="h-4 bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded w-3/4 mb-2"></div>
  <div className="h-4 bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded w-1/2"></div>
</div>

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者arezoo ebrahimi