Python测验游戏项目故障求助：无法识别答案及触发报错

问题现象 #

1. 无法区分正确与错误答案，选择正确选项也会被判定错误；
2. 显示正确答案时无法展示猜测内容，触发TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable错误。

错误信息 #

RESULTS
---------------------
Answers: B B C D
Guesses: Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "c:\Users\Segundinho\Documents\Programação\Python\Learning\quiz game.py", line 104, in <module>
    new_game()
  File "c:\Users\Segundinho\Documents\Programação\Python\Learning\quiz game.py", line 27, in new_game
    display_score(correct_guesses, guesses)
  File "c:\Users\Segundinho\Documents\Programação\Python\Learning\quiz game.py", line 58, in display_score
    for item in guesses:
TypeError: 'int' object is not iterable

错误原因与修复步骤 #

1. 参数顺序颠倒导致类型错误 #

• 问题：display_score函数定义的参数顺序是(guesses, correct_guesses)，但调用时传的是display_score(correct_guesses, guesses)，导致函数内guesses变量实际接收的是整数类型的correct_guesses，循环遍历时报错。
• 修复：调整调用时的参数顺序为display_score(guesses, correct_guesses)。

2. 字符串方法未执行导致答案匹配失败 #

• 问题：guess = guess.upper未加括号，实际赋值的是upper方法对象而非转换后的字符串，导致和答案字符串永远不相等；同理play_again函数里的response = response.lower也存在相同问题。
• 修复：改为guess = guess.upper()和response = response.lower()，执行字符串大小写转换方法。

3. 答案校验传参错误+分数累加逻辑错误 #

• 问题：调用check_answer时传入的是guesses列表而非当前的guess，且correct_guesses = check_answer(...)会每次覆盖分数，而非累加正确次数；同时correct_guesses: 0是类型注解，未实际初始化变量。
• 修复：
  • 初始化correct_guesses为0：correct_guesses = 0；
  • 调用check_answer时传入当前猜测guess：correct_guesses += check_answer(questions.get(key), guess)。

4. 循环条件错误导致无法正确重启游戏 #

• 问题：while play_again:使用函数对象作为条件，永远为True，无法根据用户输入判断是否重启；且play_again函数内未处理输入空格等情况，健壮性不足。
• 修复：改为while play_again()，调用函数获取返回值；同时增加strip()处理输入空格。

完整修复代码 #

def new_game():
    guesses = []
    correct_guesses = 0  # 修复：初始化变量，替换类型注解
    question_num = 1

    for key in questions:
        print("\n\n")
        print(key)

        for item in options[question_num-1]:
            print(item)

        guess = input("Enter A, B, C or D: ")
        guess = guess.upper()  # 修复：执行upper()方法转换大小写
        
        guesses.append(guess)
        question_num += 1

        # 修复：传入当前guess而非guesses列表，累加正确次数
        correct_guesses += check_answer(questions.get(key), guess)

    # 修复：调整参数顺序，匹配函数定义
    display_score(guesses, correct_guesses)


def check_answer(answer, guess):
    if answer == guess:
        print("CORRECT! NICE")
        return 1 
    else:
        print("\n\nNooo, it's wrong")
        return 0  # 修复：统一返回值位置，避免逻辑歧义


def display_score(guesses, correct_guesses):
    print("---------------------")
    print("RESULTS")
    print("---------------------")

    print("Answers: ", end="")
    for i in questions:
        print(questions.get(i), end=" ")
    print()

    print("Guesses: ", end="")
    for item in guesses:
        print(item, end=" ")
    print()
    
    score = int((correct_guesses/len(questions)) * 100)
    print(f"Your score is: {score}%")  # 优化：使用f-string更简洁


def play_again():
    response = input("Do you wanna play again? (yes or no?): ").strip().lower()  # 修复：执行lower()方法，增加strip()处理空格
    return response == "yes"


questions = {
    "Qual a data de nascimento de Second?": "B",
    "Qual o ditador favorito de Packat?": "B",
    "Qual a segunda lei da termodinâmica?": "C",
    "Qual a melhor obra asiática já feita?": "D"
}

options = [
    ["A. 25/12/2004", "B. 31/03/2004", "C. 31/04/2003", "D. 21/06/2003"],
    ["A. Josef Stalin", "B. Nicolás Maduro", "C. Xin Jin Ping", "D. Kim Jon Un"],
    ["A. Ação e reação", "B. Princípio da Conservação de Energia", "C. Entropia", "D. Princípio da Incerteza"],
    ["A. Naruto", "B. HunterxHunter", "C. One Piece", "D. Solo Leveling"]
]

new_game()

while play_again():  # 修复：调用函数获取返回值作为循环条件
    new_game()

print("Byeeee")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者luiz_second