iOS推送仅真机Debug模式可用，App Store版本无法接收推送求助

问题背景 #

项目基于Firebase云函数实现主题推送通知，Android端在Debug、真机及Play Store版本均正常，但iOS仅Debug模式能接收推送，App Store下载的生产版本完全收不到，启动时还会抛出APNS设备Token未设置的错误。

现有代码片段 #

用户订阅主题代码 #

await FirebaseMessaging.instance.subscribeToTopic('mytopic');

云函数推送代码 #

const functions = require('firebase-functions');
const admin = require('firebase-admin');
admin.initializeApp(functions.config().firebase);
const fcm = admin.messaging();

var payload = {
      "notification": {
          "title": msgData.name,
          "body": msgData.title,
          "click_action": 'FLUTTER_NOTIFICATION_CLICK',
          "android_channel_id": "my_channel_id",
      },

       "data": {
          
          "content": msgData.content,
          "title": msgData.title,        
      }
  };
return fcm.sendToTopic("/topics/" + 'mytopic', payload);

iOS启动错误日志 #

[FirebaseMessaging][I-FCM002022] APNS device token not set before retrieving FCM Token for Sender ID '123456789'. Notifications to this FCM Token will not be delivered over APNS.Be sure to re-retrieve the FCM token once the APNS device token is set.

已尝试的iOS配置代码 #

AppDelegate.swift

import UIKit
import Flutter

@UIApplicationMain
@objc class AppDelegate: FlutterAppDelegate {
  override func application(
    _ application: UIApplication,
    didFinishLaunchingWithOptions launchOptions: [UIApplication.LaunchOptionsKey: Any]?
  ) -> Bool {
    GeneratedPluginRegistrant.register(with: self)
    application.registerForRemoteNotifications()//尝试解决生产模式推送问题
    return super.application(application, didFinishLaunchingWithOptions: launchOptions)
  }
}

Flutter端权限请求代码

NotificationSettings settings =
      await FirebaseMessaging.instance.requestPermission(
    alert: true,
    badge: true,
    provisional: false,
    sound: true,
  );

if (settings.authorizationStatus == AuthorizationStatus.authorized) {
  print('User granted permission');
  String? token = await FirebaseMessaging.instance.getToken();
  print("The token is " + token!);
  // 处理收到的通知

} else {
  print('User declined or has not accepted permission');
}

/// 更新iOS前台通知展示选项，允许悬浮通知
await FirebaseMessaging.instance
    .setForegroundNotificationPresentationOptions(
  alert: true,
  badge: true,
  sound: true,
);

排查与解决步骤 #

1. 确认APNS生产证书配置

   • 登录Apple开发者后台，检查Certificates, Identifiers & Profiles中，对应App的APNS生产证书（Production SSL Certificate）是否有效、未过期，且已正确关联到App ID。
   • 打开Firebase控制台项目的Cloud Messaging模块，确认已上传最新的APNS生产证书（p12格式），且证书密码正确。

2. 修正FCM Token获取时机
   错误核心是APNS Token未生成就获取了FCM Token，需在APNS Token成功获取后再刷新FCM Token：
   在AppDelegate.swift中添加APNS Token回调，并重新获取FCM Token：

   import FirebaseMessaging // 需新增导入
   
   @UIApplicationMain
   @objc class AppDelegate: FlutterAppDelegate {
     // ...原有didFinishLaunchingWithOptions代码...
   
     override func application(_ application: UIApplication, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken deviceToken: Data) {
         Messaging.messaging().apnsToken = deviceToken
         // 重新获取FCM Token
         Messaging.messaging().token { token, error in
             if let error = error {
                 print("获取FCM Token失败: \(error)")
             } else if let token = token {
                 print("新FCM Token: \(token)")
                 // 可在此处将Token上传服务器或重新订阅主题
             }
         }
         super.application(application, didRegisterForRemoteNotificationsWithDeviceToken: deviceToken)
     }
   }
   

3. 检查Xcode打包配置

   • 打包时确保Signing & Capabilities中Push Notifications能力已开启，且Provisioning Profile为生产环境（App Store/Ad Hoc）配置，包含推送权限。
   • 确认Build Settings中Code Signing Identity在Release模式下选择的是生产证书。

4. 验证主题订阅状态
   生产环境中Token可能会更新，需在Token变化时重新订阅主题：
   修改Flutter端代码：

   if (settings.authorizationStatus == AuthorizationStatus.authorized) {
     print('用户已授权通知');
     // 监听Token变化，自动重新订阅
     FirebaseMessaging.instance.onTokenRefresh.listen((newToken) {
       print("Token更新: $newToken");
       FirebaseMessaging.instance.subscribeToTopic('mytopic');
     });
     // 初始获取Token并订阅
     String? token = await FirebaseMessaging.instance.getToken();
     if (token != null) {
       print("当前Token: $token");
       await FirebaseMessaging.instance.subscribeToTopic('mytopic');
     }
   }
   

5. 修正云函数推送目标格式
   sendToTopic无需手动拼接/topics/，Firebase会自动处理，修正代码：

   return fcm.sendToTopic('mytopic', payload);
   

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Garth