Whenever Gem执行失败求助：bundle exec whenever报错未初始化常量Rails

报错信息 #

$ bundle exec whenever
bundler: failed to load command: whenever (/home/cgarndt/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/bin/whenever)
config/schedule.rb:35:in `initialize': uninitialized constant #<Class:#<Whenever::JobList:0x0000555d07619838>>::Rails (NameError)
    from /home/cgarndt/.rbenv/versions/3.0.0/lib/ruby/gems/3.0.0/gems/whenever-1.0.0/lib/whenever/job_list.rb:25:in `instance_eval'
    ... ... ...

开发环境配置 #

• Ubuntu 22.04 LTS
• rbenv
• Ruby 3.0
• Rails 7.0.4
• whenever (1.0.0)

已执行操作及schedule.rb内容 #

已执行bundle exec wheneverize .生成schedule.rb，内容如下：

# Need the below for Cron to pick up rbenv user version within Unix-user/application.
# Vs w/o the below line then Cron uses rbenv system version.
env :PATH, ENV['PATH']

# Compare Person API CALS People data to CALS-2 People data
if Rails.env.staging?
  every :monday, at: '7:50am' do
    runner "CjComparePersApiCalsPeople::Start.execute"
  end
endif ::Rails.env.production?
  every :monday, at: '8:05am' do
    runner "CjComparePersApiCalsPeople::Start.execute"
  end
end

解决方案 #

1. 修复schedule.rb语法错误 #

原代码中endif ::Rails.env.production?是错误的Ruby语法，可修改为两种形式：

方式一：拆分独立判断

if Rails.env.staging?
  every :monday, at: '7:50am' do
    runner "CjComparePersApiCalsPeople::Start.execute"
  end
end

if ::Rails.env.production?
  every :monday, at: '8:05am' do
    runner "CjComparePersApiCalsPeople::Start.execute"
  end
end

方式二：用elsif简化逻辑

if Rails.env.staging?
  every :monday, at: '7:50am' do
    runner "CjComparePersApiCalsPeople::Start.execute"
  end
elsif Rails.env.production?
  every :monday, at: '8:05am' do
    runner "CjComparePersApiCalsPeople::Start.execute"
  end
end

2. 加载Rails环境 #

在schedule.rb开头添加代码，确保whenever能识别Rails常量：

require File.expand_path('../config/environment', __FILE__)

# Need the below for Cron to pick up rbenv user version within Unix-user/application.
# Vs w/o the below line then Cron uses rbenv system version.
env :PATH, ENV['PATH']

# ... 后续原有代码 ...

3. 可选：指定环境执行命令 #

执行whenever时明确指定环境，确保加载对应配置：

bundle exec whenever -e staging
# 或
bundle exec whenever -e production

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Chris