Visual Studio配置OpenCV后编译失败，请求排查报错原因

问题概述 #

按视频步骤配置OpenCV后编译失败，已完成以下操作：

• 将OpenCV路径加入环境变量
• 项目属性→C/C++→常规→附加包含目录：C:\Users\Uporabnik\Documents\Library\opencv\build\include
• 项目属性→链接器→常规→附加库目录：C:\Users\Uporabnik\Documents\Library\opencv\build\x64\vc15\lib
• 项目属性→链接器→输入→附加依赖项：opencv_world460.lib

编译报错如下：

Build started...
1>------ Build started: Project: hhh, Configuration: Release x64 ------
1>hhh.cpp
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(11,39): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(12,45): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(20,40): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(20,79): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(21,46): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(21,88): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(23,62): error C3861: 'CV_FOURCC': identifier not found
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(53,1): error C2018: unknown character '0x60'
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\hhh.cpp(53,2): error C2018: unknown character '0x60'
1>main.cpp
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(11,39): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(12,45): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(20,40): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(20,79): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(21,46): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(21,88): error C2065: 'CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT': undeclared identifier
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(23,62): error C3861: 'CV_FOURCC': identifier not found
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(53,1): error C2018: unknown character '0x60'
1>C:\Users\Uporabnik\Desktop\C#\hhh\hhh\main.cpp(53,2): error C2018: unknown character '0x60'
1>Done building project "hhh.vcxproj" -- FAILED.
========== Build: 0 succeeded, 1 failed, 0 up-to-date, 0 skipped ==========
========== Elapsed 00:04,338 ==========

错误修复方案 #

1. 标识符未定义问题 #

OpenCV 4.x已将原C风格宏迁移至cv命名空间，且部分宏名简化：

• 替换所有CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT为cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_COUNT
• 替换CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH为cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_WIDTH
• 替换CV_CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT为cv::CAP_PROP_FRAME_HEIGHT
• 替换CV_FOURCC为cv::VideoWriter::fourcc

或在代码开头添加using namespace cv;，直接使用不带命名空间的标识符。

2. 未知字符错误 #

错误提示的0x60是反引号（`），打开代码第53行，删除这些非法字符，确保代码仅含合法ASCII字符。

3. 配置细节验证 #

• 确认项目编译模式（Release）与依赖库opencv_world460.lib匹配，Debug模式需改用opencv_world460d.lib
• 检查附加包含目录路径，原路径build\ include有多余空格，修正为build\include
• 确认项目平台为x64，与OpenCV库的x64目录匹配

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Lanko321