Ruby on Rails执行rails c时mysql2出现Segmentation fault问题求助

• Ruby版本：2.5.8p224 (2020-03-31 revision 67882) [x86_64-linux]
• Rails版本：5.0.7.2
• 触发场景：执行rails c时触发Segmentation Fault（段错误），错误根源指向mysql2 gem的数据库连接环节

错误日志 #

home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/mysql2-0.5.3/lib/mysql2/client.rb:90: [BUG] Segmentation fault at 0x0000000000000000
ruby 2.5.8p224 (2020-03-31 revision 67882) [x86_64-linux]

-- Control frame information -----------------------------------------------
c:0044 p:---- s:0331 e:000330 CFUNC  :connect
c:0043 p:0614 s:0319 e:000318 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/mysql2-0.5.3/lib/mysql2/client.rb:90 [FINISH]
c:0042 p:---- s:0305 e:000304 CFUNC  :new
c:0041 p:0142 s:0300 e:000299 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/mysql2_adapter.rb:25
c:0040 p:0024 s:0293 e:000292 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:729
c:0039 p:0021 s:0289 e:000288 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:773
c:0038 p:0016 s:0285 e:000284 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:752
c:0037 p:0014 s:0279 e:000278 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:713
c:0036 p:0012 s:0273 e:000271 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:490
c:0035 p:0031 s:0267 e:000263 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:364
c:0034 p:0046 s:0260 e:000259 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_adapters/abstract/connection_pool.rb:883
c:0033 p:0011 s:0253 e:000252 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:128
c:0032 p:0004 s:0249 e:000248 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/connection_handling.rb:91
c:0031 p:0012 s:0245 e:000244 METHOD /home/user/.rvm/gems/ruby-2.5.8/gems/activerecord-5.0.7.2/lib/active_record/migration.rb:559

[NOTE]
You may have encountered a bug in the Ruby interpreter or extension libraries.
Bug reports are welcome.
For details: http://www.ruby-lang.org/bugreport.html

Aborted (core dumped)

• 重新编译mysql2 gem：段错误多因C扩展编译不兼容导致，卸载后重新安装并指定系统mysql配置路径：

  gem uninstall mysql2
  gem install mysql2 -v 0.5.3 -- --with-mysql-config=$(which mysql_config)
  

• 调整mysql2版本：尝试切换mysql2的兼容版本，比如降级到0.5.2或升级到0.5.4，修改Gemfile后执行：

  bundle update mysql2
  

• 验证系统MySQL库兼容性：检查系统安装的MySQL/MariaDB版本与mysql2 gem是否匹配，若版本差异过大，升级或降级系统MySQL库。

• 重置RVM环境：RVM管理的Ruby可能存在环境冲突，重新加载或重装Ruby：

  rvm reload
  rvm use 2.5.8 --default
  # 若无效则重装Ruby
  rvm uninstall 2.5.8
  rvm install 2.5.8
  

• 排查数据库连接配置：启动不连接数据库的控制台，确认是否为配置问题：

  rails c --skip-active-record
  

  若能正常启动，检查config/database.yml中的主机、端口、账号密码是否正确，并用mysql命令行测试连接：

  mysql -h [数据库主机] -u [用户名] -p [数据库名]
  

• 分析Core Dump文件：若系统生成core dump，用gdb定位具体错误点：

  gdb ruby core
  bt # 查看调用栈详情
  

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者NehaNH