Postman调用指定URL的GET API遇401错误的解决方法及Python调用方案

我想用Postman调用Wemix的API获取内部交易数据，预期返回结果如下：

{
    "status": "200",
    "message": "success",
    "results": {
        "count": "6816",
        "data": [
            {
                "timestamp": "2022-07-17T10:47:03Z",
                "sender": "0x2F664960a7FBdaDA8e133DbAF1Bfc27DCCBADBfb",
                "receiver": "0xA68A135Ccd37E720000fC30CFcc453b15F8040df",
                "value": "0",
                "status": "1",
                "message": "",
                "transaction_hash": "0x1a03528eecf165678d7fbcb9ceeee45a98b02f10a5ce30236ef29ee5b3747c84",
                "block_number": "2472",
                "contract_address": null,
                "trace_address": [
                    "0",
                    "1",
                    "1"
                ],
                "trace_type": "staticcall",
                "sub_traces": null,
                "transaction_index": "0",
                "gas_used": "2715",
                "gas_limit": "29039032",
                "external_receiver": "0",
                "input": "0x0d2020dd476f7665726e616e6365436f6e74726163740000000000000000000000000000"
            },
            ...
        ]
    }
}

我调用的GET API地址为：

GET https://explorerapi.test.wemix.com/v1/accounts/0xA68A135Ccd37E720000fC30CFcc453b15F8040df/internal-transactions

携带的API Key为：1ba5e446edf1997f67b51bf9e60b3fbba6fa1bf84301115292805d7e24f43539

但发送请求后返回401未授权错误：

{
    "status": "401",
    "message": "Unauthorized"
}

需要解决这个401错误，同时希望得到Python调用该API的方法。

• 确认API Key的传递方式：检查官方文档指定的请求头字段名，确保Postman的Headers面板中添加了正确的键值对（比如api-key或x-api-key），无拼写错误。避免将Key放在URL参数中，除非文档明确要求。
• 验证API Key有效性：确认该Key是针对测试环境（test.wemix.com）生成的，未过期且拥有查询内部交易的权限。若Key失效或权限不足，需重新生成符合要求的Key。
• 检查请求地址与参数：确认URL中的地址参数（0xA68A135Ccd37E720000fC30CFcc453b15F8040df）格式正确，无多余空格或字符；确保请求方法为GET，与API要求一致。

使用requests库发送请求的示例代码如下：

import requests

# API地址
url = "https://explorerapi.test.wemix.com/v1/accounts/0xA68A135Ccd37E720000fC30CFcc453b15F8040df/internal-transactions"
# 请求头：根据官方文档调整键名，比如改成x-api-key
headers = {
    "api-key": "1ba5e446edf1997f67b51bf9e60b3fbba6fa1bf84301115292805d7e24f43539"
}

try:
    # 发送GET请求
    response = requests.get(url, headers=headers)
    # 检查HTTP状态码
    response.raise_for_status()
    # 解析返回的JSON数据
    result = response.json()
    print(result)
except requests.exceptions.HTTPError as http_err:
    print(f"HTTP错误: {http_err}")
except requests.exceptions.ConnectionError as conn_err:
    print(f"连接错误: {conn_err}")
except requests.exceptions.Timeout as timeout_err:
    print(f"超时错误: {timeout_err}")
except Exception as err:
    print(f"其他错误: {err}")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者jtoyhh