如何简化从Docx表格提取数据到Xlsx的重复代码段？

I've written the following code which perfectly extracts data from Docx tables and imports it into an Xlsx table. Is there a way to simplify the three repeated sections in the code to make it more concise?

Here's the code:

import pandas as pd
import win32com.client as win32
import openpyxl
from openpyxl import Workbook
from openpyxl import load_workbook
word = win32.Dispatch("Word.Application")
word.Visible = 0
word.Documents.Open("C:/Users/documents/flie.docx") #Change document with tables name
doc = word.ActiveDocument
wb = Workbook()
filepath = 'C:/Users/excel.xlsx'
wb.save(filepath)
wb=load_workbook(filepath)
sheet=wb.active
# Repeated section 1
a = []
b = []
c = []
d = []
e = []
f = [] 
for i in (list(range(3,9)) + list(range(11,42))):
    table = doc.Tables(i)
    # Repeated section 2
    a.append(table.Cell(Row = 2, Column = 2).Range.Text)
    b.append(table.Cell(Row = 3, Column = 2).Range.Text)
    c.append(table.Cell(Row = 4, Column = 2).Range.Text)
    d.append(table.Cell(Row = 4, Column = 2).Range.Text)
    e.append(table.Cell(Row = 6, Column = 2).Range.Text)
    f.append(table.Cell(Row = 7, Column = 2).Range.Text) 
    # Repeated section 3
    combine_table = {(table.Cell(Row = 2, Column = 1).Range.Text) : a,
    (table.Cell(Row = 3, Column = 1).Range.Text) : b,
    (table.Cell(Row = 4, Column = 1).Range.Text) : c,
    (table.Cell(Row = 5, Column = 1).Range.Text) : d,
    (table.Cell(Row = 6, Column = 1).Range.Text) : e,
    (table.Cell(Row = 7, Column = 1).Range.Text) : f, } 
labels = [list(range(1,38))]
df = pd.DataFrame(combine_table , index=labels)
df.to_excel("excel.xlsx")

Great question! Those repetitive sections are perfect for refactoring with structured data mappings — this will eliminate redundant variables and make your code easier to maintain. Let's walk through the simplified version step by step:

Core Idea #

Instead of manually creating separate lists (a, b, etc.) and writing duplicate append calls, we'll use a list of tuples to define exactly which rows we need to pull data and labels from. This lets us handle all extraction logic in a single loop.

Refactored Code #

import pandas as pd
import win32com.client as win32
from openpyxl import Workbook

# Initialize Word app
word = win32.Dispatch("Word.Application")
word.Visible = 0
doc = word.Documents.Open("C:/Users/documents/flie.docx")  # Update your file path

# Define mappings: (data_row, label_row)
# Fixed the d entry to use row 5 for data (matches your combine_table's label from row 5)
row_mappings = [
    (2, 2),
    (3, 3),
    (4, 4),
    (5, 5),
    (6, 6),
    (7, 7)
]

# Initialize data storage
combine_table = {}
table_indices = list(range(3,9)) + list(range(11,42))

for idx, table_num in enumerate(table_indices):
    table = doc.Tables(table_num)
    
    # Set up dictionary keys on first iteration
    if idx == 0:
        for _, label_row in row_mappings:
            # Clean up Word's extra line break characters
            label = table.Cell(Row=label_row, Column=1).Range.Text.strip('\r\x07')
            combine_table[label] = []
    
    # Populate data for each mapping
    for data_row, _ in row_mappings:
        value = table.Cell(Row=data_row, Column=2).Range.Text.strip('\r\x07')
        # Get the corresponding label key
        label_key = list(combine_table.keys())[row_mappings.index((data_row, _))]
        combine_table[label_key].append(value)

# Create DataFrame and save
# Dynamically generate index to match number of tables processed
df = pd.DataFrame(combine_table, index=list(range(1, len(table_indices)+1)))
df.to_excel("C:/Users/excel.xlsx")

# Clean up Word process
word.Quit()

Key Improvements #

• No more redundant lists: All data is stored directly in the combine_table dictionary, so you don't need a through f anymore.
• Single loop for extraction: The row_mappings list lets us handle every data point with one loop, eliminating duplicate append calls.
• Dynamic index: Instead of hardcoding range(1,38), we generate the index based on how many tables we process — this makes the code flexible if your table count changes.
• Cleaner text: Added .strip('\r\x07') to remove the hidden characters Word adds to cell text (you'll often see these clutter your Excel output otherwise).
• Proper cleanup: Added word.Quit() to close the Word background process (your original code left it running).

Quick note: I adjusted the d entry to pull data from row 5 instead of row 4, to match your original combine_table where the label comes from row 5. If that duplicate row 4 was intentional, just tweak the row_mappings tuple back to (4,5)!

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者thrnma