如何用for循环从事件字典输出用户出生年至当前年的事件

创建一个程序，接收用户的年龄，然后输出其经历过的每一年的关键事件。

• 扩展功能：允许用户输入生日以提升准确性
• 代码效率：使用字典存储关键事件，替代if语句

我已创建了一个包含1993年起年份与对应事件的字典：

edYearlyEvents = {                                                                                                                                                                     
"1993": "Bill Clinton is inaugurated as the 42nd president.",                                                                                                                     
"1994": "The People's Republic of China gets its first connection to the Internet.",                                                                                              
"1995": "eBay is founded by Pierre Omidyar.",                                                                                                                                     
"1996": "Murder of Tupac Shakur.",                                                                                                                                                
"1997": "The first episode of Pokémon airs on TV Tokyo.",                                                                                                                         
"1998": "Death of Frank Sinatra.",                                                                                                                                                
"1999": "The Columbine High School massacre in Colorado, United States, causes 15 deaths.",                                                                                       
"2000": "The Sony PlayStation 2 releases in Japan. ",                                                                                                                             
"2001": " September 11 attacks.",                                                                                                                                                 
"2002": "The 2002-2004 SARS outbreak began in Guangdong.",                                                                                                                        
"2003": "The United States invades Iraq and ousts Saddam Hussein, triggering worldwide protests and an 8 year war",                                                               
"2004": "First surface images of Saturn's moon Titan.",                                                                                                                           
"2005": "Hurricane Katrina kills 1,836 people in the Gulf of Mexico.",                                                                                                            
"2006": "Twitter is launched.",                                                                                                                                                   
"2007": "Introduction of the iPhone.",                                                                                                                                            
"2008": "Barack Obama is elected to become the first black President of the United States.",                                                                                      
"2009": "The cryptocurrency Bitcoin is launched.",                                                                                                                               
"2010": "The Burj Khalifa in Dubai becomes the tallest structure in the world, standing at 829.8 m (2,722 ft).",                                                                  
"2011": "Osama bin Laden is shot dead by United States Navy SEALs in Pakistan.",                                                                                                  
"2012": "Vladimir Putin is elected president of Russia for the third time.",                                                                                                      
"2013": "Terrorist attacks occur in Boston and Nairobi.",                                                                                                                         
"2014": "The worst Ebola epidemic in recorded history occurs in West Africa, infecting nearly 30,000 people and resulting in the deaths of 11,000+.",                               
"2015": "Liquid water is found on Mars.",                                                                                                                                         
"2016": "El Chapo is recaptured following his escape from a high-security prison in Mexico",                                                                                      
"2017": "January 20: Donald Trump is inaugurated as President of the United States.",                                                                                             
"2018": "Saudi Arabia allows women to drive.",                                                                                                                                   
"2019": "A major fire engulfs Notre-Dame Cathedral in Paris, resulting in the roof and main spire collapsing.",                                                                   
"2020": "The murder of George Floyd sparks protests across the United States and the world.",                                                                                     
"2021": "Supporters of President Donald Trump, gathered after a rally led by him, attack the United States capitol, leading to five deaths.",                                     
"2022": "Monkeypox outbreak",                                                                                                                                                     
"2023": "The funeral of Pope Benedict XVI is held at Saint Peter's Square within the Vatican City.",                                                                              
}

现有如下代码片段：

sBirthYear = input("What year were you born in: \n")
for sBirthYear in dYearlyEvents.items():
print(sBirthYear)

问题 #

请问如何编写for循环，获取用户输入的出生年份，并展示该年份至当前年份的对应事件？

解决方案 #

基础版（仅输入出生年份）

原代码的问题在于：输入的 sBirthYear变量在循环中被重新赋值为字典的键值对，且未按年份范围筛选。按以下步骤修改：

1. 将用户输入的年份转为整数，避免字符串对比出错；
2. 用datetime模块自动获取当前年份，无需硬编码；
3. 遍历从出生年份到当前年份的每一年，检查该年份是否在事件字典中，存在则输出对应内容。

完整代码：

import datetime

edYearlyEvents = {
    # 保留你原有的事件字典内容
}

# 获取用户输入并转为整数
birth_year = int(input("What year were you born in: \n"))
# 获取当前年份
current_year = datetime.datetime.now().year

# 遍历年份范围
for year in range(birth_year, current_year + 1):
    year_str = str(year)
    if year_str in edYearlyEvents:
        print(f"{year}: {edYearlyEvents[year_str]}")
    else:
        print(f"{year}: 无记录的关键事件")

扩展版（支持输入生日，提升准确性）

如果用户当年的生日还未到来，当年的事件不应被计入。可以让用户输入完整生日，通过日期对比判断是否包含当前年份：

import datetime

edYearlyEvents = {
    # 保留原事件字典内容
}

# 获取用户生日输入并转为日期对象
birth_date_str = input("请输入你的生日（格式：YYYY-MM-DD）：\n")
birth_date = datetime.datetime.strptime(birth_date_str, "%Y-%m-%d")
current_date = datetime.datetime.now()

# 确定起始和结束年份
start_year = birth_date.year
# 如果当前日期还没到今年生日，结束年份减1
if current_date.month < birth_date.month or (current_date.month == birth_date.month and current_date.day < birth_date.day):
    end_year = current_date.year - 1
else:
    end_year = current_date.year

# 遍历并输出事件
for year in range(start_year, end_year + 1):
    year_str = str(year)
    if year_str in edYearlyEvents:
        print(f"{year}: {edYearlyEvents[year_str]}")
    else:
        print(f"{year}: 无记录的关键事件")

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Oran Kelly