Maven执行BUILD SUCCESS但Selenium-Cucumber-JUnit测试未运行求助

问题背景 #

测试套件在Eclipse中可正常执行，但命令行执行mvn test时，控制台返回BUILD SUCCESS却无任何测试用例被执行。以下是相关配置与执行日志：

pom.xml配置 #

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
    <groupId>scmb</groupId>
    <artifactId>SeleniumCucumberMBDD</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <name>SeleniumCucumberMBDD</name>
    <url>http://www.example.com</url>
    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <!-- 省略其他依赖 -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
            <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
            <version>4.2.6</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <pluginManagement>
            <plugins>
                <!-- 省略其他插件 -->
                <plugin>
                    <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                    <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
                    <version>3.0.0-M5</version>
                    <configuration>
                        <includes>
                            <include>**/*RunnerTest.java</include>
                        </includes>
                    </configuration>
                </plugin>
            </plugins>
        </pluginManagement>
    </build>
</project>

SuiteRunnerTest.java代码 #

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(features = {"E:/Programming/workspace/SeleniumCucumberMBDD/src/test/resources/com/qa/features/HandlingDemo.feature"}, 
                     glue = {"/com/qa/stepDefinitions", "/com/qa/hooks"}, 
                     tags = "@ReRun", 
        stepNotifications = true, 
                   plugin = {"com.aventstack.extentreports.cucumber.adapter.ExtentCucumberAdapter:"},
               monochrome = true, 
                   dryRun = false)

public class SuiteRunnerTest {
}

mvn test执行日志 #

[INFO]
[INFO] ---------------------< scmb:SeleniumCucumberMBDD >----------------------
[INFO] Building SeleniumCucumberMBDD 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] --------------------------------[ jar ]---------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.2:resources (default-resources) @ SeleniumCucumberMBDD ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\Programming\workspace\SeleniumCucumberMBDD\src\main\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:compile (default-compile) @ SeleniumCucumberMBDD ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:3.0.2:testResources (default-testResources) @ SeleniumCucumberMBDD ---
[INFO] Using 'UTF-8' encoding to copy filtered resources.
[INFO] Copying 9 resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.8.0:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ SeleniumCucumberMBDD ---
[INFO] No sources to compile
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:3.0.0-M5:test (default-test) @ SeleniumCucumberMBDD ---
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time:  3.660 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-01-27T21:28:38+05:30
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

问题分析 #

从日志和配置中可定位几个核心问题：

1. 测试源码未被编译：日志中[INFO] No sources to compile说明Maven未找到测试类文件，大概率是测试类未放在Maven默认的src/test/java目录下，或目录结构不符合规范。
2. Cucumber配置错误：
   • glue路径带开头斜杠，会导致Cucumber无法正确扫描步骤定义类；
   • features使用绝对路径，在Maven环境下会依赖本地路径，导致跨环境执行失败。
3. 依赖版本不兼容：cucumber-picocontainer版本为4.2.6，与Cucumber主版本7.10.1不匹配，会导致步骤定义无法绑定。
4. Surefire插件未生效：插件配置放在pluginManagement节点下，仅用于版本管理，不会实际执行插件逻辑。

修复方案 #

1. 规范Maven项目结构 #

确保测试类（包括SuiteRunnerTest.java）放在src/test/java目录下，严格遵循Maven的源码目录规范：

src/
├── main/
│   └── java/
└── test/
    ├── java/          # 测试类存放目录
    └── resources/     # 测试资源（feature文件等）存放目录

2. 修正SuiteRunnerTest配置 #

import org.junit.runner.RunWith;

import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;

@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(
    features = {"src/test/resources/com/qa/features/HandlingDemo.feature"}, // 改用相对路径
    glue = {"com.qa.stepDefinitions", "com.qa.hooks"}, // 去掉开头斜杠
    tags = "@ReRun",
    stepNotifications = true,
    plugin = {"com.aventstack.extentreports.cucumber.adapter.ExtentCucumberAdapter:"},
    monochrome = true,
    dryRun = false
)

public class SuiteRunnerTest {
}

3. 统一Cucumber依赖版本 #

将cucumber-picocontainer版本升级至与Cucumber主版本一致：

<dependency>
    <groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
    <artifactId>cucumber-picocontainer</artifactId>
    <version>7.10.1</version> <!-- 与cucumber-java/junit版本一致 -->
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

4. 确保Surefire插件生效 #

将maven-surefire-plugin从pluginManagement移至build/plugins节点下：

<build>
    <pluginManagement>
        <!-- 保留其他插件版本管理配置 -->
    </pluginManagement>
    <plugins>
        <plugin>
            <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
            <artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
            <version>3.0.0-M5</version>
            <configuration>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*RunnerTest.java</include>
                </includes>
            </configuration>
        </plugin>
    </plugins>
</build>

5. 执行清理与测试 #

命令行执行以下命令，确保清理旧编译文件后重新执行测试：

mvn clean test

内容的提问来源于stack exchange，提问作者Bobby Brahmam